2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit

For the 2018 Trump–Kim summit, see 2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit. For the 2019 second Trump–Kim summit, see 2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit.
2019 Koreas–United States DMZ summit
Trump (left), Kim (center), and Moon (right) talking together in the DMZ.
Host country
DateJune 30, 2019
Venue(s)Freedom House, Panmunjom, Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)
Participants
Follows2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit
This article is part of
a series about
Donald Trump
Business and personal

Endorsements

45th President of the United States
Tenure
Policies
Appointments
Presidential campaigns
Impeachments
Civil and criminal prosecutions
Interactions involving Russia
COVID-19 pandemic
Donald Trump's signature
Seal of the President of the United States

The 2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit was a one-day summit held at the Korean Demilitarized Zone between North Korean chairman Kim Jong Un, U.S. president Donald Trump, and South Korean president Moon Jae-in, following the 2019 G20 Osaka summit. Trump briefly stepped over the border at 3:45 PM (GMT+9) on June 30, marking the first time a sitting U.S. president had set foot on North Korean soil.[1][2][3] It was also the second time since the end of the Korean War in 1953 that a North Korean leader entered the South's territory, following the April 2018 inter-Korean summit. Senior White House advisors Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner (Trump's daughter and son-in-law) also attended the summit,[4] with Ivanka Trump and U.S. envoy to South Korea Harry B. Harris Jr. holding a meeting with Kim later broadcast on North Korean television.[5][6]

Background

[edit]
See also: North Korea–United States relations

A number of other sitting U.S. presidents had previously traveled to the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) and seen North Korea through binoculars, but none had previously met the leaders of North Korea or actually traveled within North Korean territory.[7][8]

Trump and Kim held talks on February 27 and 28, 2019, in the Vietnamese capital of Hanoi, regarding the nuclear issue.[9][10] At Hanoi, North Korea sought the removal of all significant economic sanctions; in return, it proposed partially reducing its capacity to construct new nuclear weapons, while retaining its existing nuclear arsenal. Trump, meanwhile, offered economic aid to North Korea in exchange for denuclearization.[11] The two countries did not come to agreement, and talks eventually collapsed.[10][9] In the aftermath of Hanoi, North Korean state media "angrily denounced the U.S. position" but "refrained from criticizing Trump directly and even referred to the positive relationship between the two leaders, a sentiment consistently echoed by Trump himself."[11]

On June 12, 2019, Trump told reporters that he received a "beautiful letter" from Kim that was "very personal, very warm, very nice," praised Kim's leadership, and said that the letter was a sign that talks would resume.[12] Kim received a reply from Trump on June 23, 2019, which Kim praised as "excellent"; North Korean state media stated that "Appreciating the political judging faculty and extraordinary courage of President Trump, Kim Jong Un said that he would seriously contemplate the interesting content."[13]

Announcement

[edit]
Moon and Trump announcing the DMZ summit at the press conference

On June 24, 2019, the Blue House confirmed that Trump would be making a visit to South Korea on June 30 and that the White House was trying to schedule a visit to the Korean Demilitarized Zone. On the morning of June 29, at the G20 summit, Trump tweeted, "If Chairman Kim of North Korea sees this, I would meet him at the Border/DMZ just to shake his hand and say Hello(?)!"[14] Five hours later, North Korean Foreign Minister Ri Yong-ho asked the U.S. to issue a formal notice.[15] On the evening of the same day, Ri Yong-ho met with Stephen Biegun, the U.S. State Department's Special Representative for North Korea, at Panmunjom, in preparation for the summit.[16][17][18] During the South Korea–U.S. Summit, South Korean president Moon Jae-in announced that Trump would be meeting Kim during his visit at the DMZ.[19] Moon predicted that a handshake between Trump and Kim at the DMZ would be a "milestone" for denuclearization efforts on the peninsula.[20]

Although the meeting was billed as a spontaneous or impromptu meeting, Kim and Trump had exchanged letters earlier in the month.[21] Andrei Lankov of Kookmin University "said it was inconceivable that the leaders of two powerful nations had arranged a meeting at such short notice. He described it as a 'show' designed to send a political message without raising expectations about actual progress."[22]

According to the book of John Bolton, the U.S. national security adviser at that time, Trump didn't want Moon to join him during his third meeting with Kim in the DMZ.[23]

Summit

[edit]
Trump stepping into North Korean territory by crossing the low stone curb separating the North and South at 3:45 p.m. KST (2:45 a.m. EDT)
Trump and Kim at the north side of DMZ; Trump becomes the first U.S. president to step into North Korea since the Korean War

Following the conclusions of the 2019 G20 Osaka summit in Japan, on June 30, 2019, Trump and South Korean president Moon Jae-in visited the DMZ before the meeting with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un. Kim invited Trump to cross the border line, and Trump briefly crossed in North Korea before crossing back into South Korea together with Kim.[22][24] Trump thus became the first sitting U.S. president to enter North Korea.[25][a] Before crossing into North Korea, Kim told Trump in Korean, "it's good to see you again" and "I never expected to meet you at this place",[24] and shook hands with Trump.[24] Trump said it was "my honor" to enter North Korea.[22] During their meeting, Trump also invited Kim to the White House, although later acknowledged that this would probably not occur in the near term.[27] Trump said of Kim: "A lot of really great things are happening, tremendous things. We met and we liked each other from Day One, and that was very important."[22] Moon later joined Trump and Kim, and the three spoke for a brief moment[28] before Kim and Trump held a 53-minute-long private meeting inside the Freedom House.[22]

Trump's top advisor Ivanka Trump, senior advisor Jared Kushner, Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin, and United States ambassador to South Korea Harry B. Harris, Jr., accompanied Trump to the DMZ.[29][30][4][31][5] Ivanka Trump joined the president in his meeting with Kim.[4][5] Moon did not attend; the North Korean Foreign Ministry had announced a week before that he was not welcome, telling South Korean authorities to "mind their own business at home".[22]

In remarks after the meeting, Kim said, "By meeting here, which is a symbol of division, the symbol of a hostile past...we are presenting to the world that we have a new present, and this is announcing to the world that we will have positive meetings going forward."[32][33][34]

Aftermath

[edit]
Chairman Kim and President Trump speaking to reporters during a press conference

Following the nuclear summit, both sides had announced the resumption of "working-level" nuclear talks.[35][36] U.S. secretary of state Mike Pompeo said that Trump administration negotiators would meet North Korean counterparts to resume denuclearization talks in mid-July.[37] U.S. special envoy to North Korea, Stephen Biegun, would lead the U.S. negotiators; the North Korean lead negotiator has not been appointed, although senior diplomat Choe Son-hui was viewed as a likely choice.[37]

David E. Sanger and Michael Crowley, in an analysis for The New York Times, wrote that in the lead-up to the meeting, Trump administration officials had been internally considering the prospect that a new round of U.S.–North Korea negotiations could lead to the U.S. accepting "a nuclear freeze, one that essentially enshrines the status quo, and tacitly accepts the North as a nuclear power," rather than complete denuclearization.[38] Under this possible outcome, North Korea would halt the growth of its nuclear arsenal, but would not dismantle any of the estimated 20–60 existing nuclear weapons already in its stockpile, and would not curb its ballistic missile capabilities.[38] Biegun said that commentary about possible outcomes was speculative and said he was "not preparing any new proposal currently".[38]

Reactions

[edit]

South Korea

[edit]

The meeting was "broadly welcomed in South Korean political circles," including from the ruling Democratic Party (whose chairman called it "another milestone toward peace on the Korean Peninsula") and the conservative Liberty Korea Party, the main opposition party. The chairman of Liberty Korea Party announced that "it is a good sign for breaking the deadlock in the nuclear talks."[39] Myong-hyun Go, Research Fellow of the Asan Institute for Policy Studies which is one of the top 5 think tanks for foreign policy and defense area in South Korea,[40][41] analyzed DMZ summit as a positive direction. Go emphasized the crucial role of South Korea, President Moon between Trump and Kim as a negotiator. Go also said a small deal between the United States and the DPRK, similar to the Iran nuclear deal, might be feasible if Trump concluded that it was more realistic a big deal.[42] However, Andrei Lankov of Kookmin University stated that both Kim and Trump "needed something that is strong on optics but weak on substance" and that the DMZ meeting was intended to convey a political message without raising expectations about progress toward an actual agreement on the North Korean nuclear issue.[22]

North Korea

[edit]
Chairman Kim and President Trump including U.S. secretary Mike Pompeo, DPRK Minister Ri Yong-ho talking to reporters
Trump and Kim in the Freedom House of DMZ
Moon and Kim bid farewell at the end of the summit

North Korean state media praised Trump's visit as "historic"[43] and "an amazing event", and extensively covered the event for KCNA, the state TV network,[44] and Rodong Sinmun, a state newspaper.[45] Kim was quoted in the Rodong Sinmun as saying that "a dramatic meeting like today could take place in one day due to positive friendly relationship with President Trump."[43] Anna Fifield of The Washington Post and Nic Robertson of CNN described the meeting as an important propaganda victory for Kim.[45][46] However, Foreign Ministry adviser of North Korea Kim Kye-gwan announced that meeting with Trump only served U.S. Interests and pride of U.S. president. DPRK would be interested in another summit with Trump only if U.S. offers mutually acceptable terms between two countries to salvage nuclear diplomacy.[47][48][49][50][51]

United States

[edit]

During a news conference with South Korean president Moon Jae-in, Trump falsely claimed that "President Obama wanted to meet and Chairman Kim would not meet him. The Obama administration was begging for a meeting."[52][53][54] Former Trump administration deputy national security advisor K.T. McFarland compared the Trump–Kim DMZ meeting to the Nixon–Mao meeting in 1972, dismissed critics of the meeting, and said "If Kim doesn't deliver on this, I think he may have potential problems within his own leadership cadre."[55]

A number of Democratic members of the U.S. Congress, candidates for the Democratic nomination for president in 2020, and general critics of Trump criticized his decision to meet with Kim. The Joe Biden campaign denounced Trump for "coddling" dictators while making "numerous concessions for negligible gain"; candidate Elizabeth Warren tweeted, "Our president shouldn't be squandering American influence on photo ops and exchanging love letters with a ruthless dictator."[2] Critics also took exception to the president's decision to meet with Kim two years after the death of Otto Warmbier, an American college student who was arrested and imprisoned by North Korea after being accused of Subversion (through attempted theft of a propaganda poster), and suffered a fatal brain injury in North Korean captivity.[56][57]

U.S. foreign policy analysts were generally critical of the meeting.[58] Jean H. Lee, the director of the Center for Korean History and Public Policy, wrote that, "There's a reason why past presidents chose not to go to North Korea while in office: Such visits grant enormous legitimacy to the Kims."[59] Samantha Vinograd, a member of the National Security Council during the Obama administration, said that by meeting Kim at the DMZ without preconditions attached, Trump was signaling that North Korea was "a normalized, nuclear power."[60] Analyst, columnist, and frequent Trump critic Max Boot wrote that the DMZ meeting was "symbolism utterly devoid of substance" and argued that Kim had taken advantage of a "gullible" Trump to improve his own legitimacy.[61] Commentator S. Nathan Park, however, viewed the third Trump–Kim meeting as a positive trust-building event that could be viewed as "necessary to get the working level talks back on track." Park wrote that although "one must be clear-eyed to the reality that a tangible result has not yet materialized in Trump's North Korea diplomacy," patience could lead to more concrete impacts.[58]

China

[edit]

China’s foreign minister Wang Yi called the Kim–Trump DMZ meeting a "rare opportunity for peace" and said that Paramount leader Xi Jinping had urged the U.S. to "show flexibility" by easing its sanctions against North Korea in gradual "action-for-action" phases, rather than offering sanctions relief only upon complete nuclear disarmament.[62] Cheong Seong-chang of the Sejong Institute, a South Korean think tank, said that in meetings between Kim and Xi in North Korea, "Xi pledged economic cooperation and a security guarantee to North Korea in exchange for Pyongyang's continued effort on denuclearization negotiations."[62] Koh Yu-hwan, a North Korean studies professor at Dongguk University in Seoul, agreed that Xi had facilitated the Trump–Kim meeting.[62]

Other

[edit]

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe said that "Japan has been supporting the U.S.-DPRK negotiation process since their Singapore meeting."[63]

The Catholic leader Pope Francis praised the summit as "a step further in the walk of peace" for the Korean Peninsula and "the entire world."[2][64][65]

Qatar's Al Jazeera assessed that the DPRK-U.S. summit meeting at the DMZ provided a meaningful stepping stone for Trump's negotiations and created an opportunity to resume the nuclear negotiations with North Korea, which could be an essential milestone in U.S. diplomacy.[66][67]

Post-summit developments

[edit]
See also: 2018–19 Korean peace process

On October 5, U.S. and North Korean officials held working-level nuclear talks in Stockholm, Sweden, but did not reach any agreement.[68] The U.S. side proposed helping North Korea develop the Wonsan-Kalma coastal tourist area (near the Kalma Airport).[69] After the Stockholm meeting, Pyongyang's chief nuclear negotiator Kim Myong-gil said further talks would depend on will of the U.S.[70] Swedish Special Envoy Kent Härstedt expressed cautious optimism that the talks would continue.[71] In November, North Korea's U.N. Mission announced that the country has gained no progress from U.S although two leaders committed to establishing a new relationship during the first US-DPRK summit.[72] Vice Minister of DPRK Choe Son-hui said another US-North Korea summit would be feasible if the U.S. removed “hostile policy” toward Pyongyang. North Korea has called for an end to joint military drills of USFK.[73]

Revitalization of the senior officials channel to DPRK

[edit]

On September 10, Trump sacked National Security Advisor John Bolton, saying he strongly disagreed with Bolton's suggestion about applying the Libyan model to the North Korea nuclear deal and mentioning Muammar Gaddafi.[74][75][76] Donald Trump selected hostage negotiator of DPRK Robert O'Brien as the new U.S. national security adviser.[77][78] Some of Senate Republicans including Lindsey Graham praised Trump's pick and mentioned, "he's got great negotiating skills", and "he would be a very sound policy adviser."[79][80][81] North Korea envoy Stephen Biegun was confirmed as deputy secretary of state which is Pompeo's number two. While Pompeo was recognized as a protector of Trump, Biegun is unknown for his partisanship.[82][83][84]

Request of working level talk to North Korea

[edit]

On December 11, 2019, during a U.N. Security Council meeting, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Kelly Craft announced that the U.S. was ready "to simultaneously take concrete steps" with a flexible approach for a 'balanced agreement"/nuclear deal with the DPRK.[85][86] Craft at the same time warned North Korea that its “deeply counterproductive” ballistic missile tests risked closing the door on prospects for negotiating peace. Craft emphasized that the Security Council would be ready to “act accordingly” by Security Council action if North Korea resumed “serious provocations". Craft while chairing the UN Security Council requested North Korea return to the negotiation table in order to take concrete, parallel steps toward a nuclear agreement.[87][88][89]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Former 39th and 42nd U.S. Presidents Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton had previously visited North Korea after they left office.[26]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Special Report: Trump meets North Korea's Kim Jong Un in the DMZ". June 30, 2019. Archived from the original on June 30, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2019 – via YouTube.
  2. ^ a b c "DMZ: Donald Trump steps into North Korea with Kim Jong Un: Live updates". www.cnn.com. June 30, 2019. Archived from the original on June 30, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2019.
  3. ^ "Trump meets North Korea's Kim at DMZ in landmark visit". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 2019-06-30. Retrieved 2019-06-30.
  4. ^ a b c Haltiwanger, John. "Ivanka Trump said it was 'surreal' to step into North Korea as she joined her father's historic meeting with Kim Jong Un". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 2019-07-02. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
  5. ^ a b c "Ivanka Trump meeting with Kim Jong-Un revealed in North Korea footage , as excruciating G20 Intervention prompts questions over her role". The Independent. July 1, 2019. Archived from the original on July 2, 2019. Retrieved July 2, 2019.
  6. ^ [풀영상] 북한TV, 김정은-트럼프 판문점 회동 영상 전격 공개 / 연합뉴스 (Yonhapnews), July 2019, archived from the original on 2019-12-21, retrieved 2022-12-07
  7. ^ Kevin Liptak, Trump takes 20 steps into North Korea, making history as first sitting US leader to enter hermit nation Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, CNN (June 30, 2019).
  8. ^ "DMZ: Donald Trump steps into North Korea with Kim Jong Un". www.cnn.com. June 30, 2019. Archived from the original on July 1, 2019. Retrieved July 4, 2019.
  9. ^ a b Justin Sink & Margaret Talev (February 28, 2019). "Summit Collapse: How Trump's Hanoi Talks With Kim Unraveled". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on May 7, 2019. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  10. ^ a b Choe Sang-Hun; Motoko Rich (March 1, 2019). "Failed Hanoi Meeting Has U.S. Allies in Region Asking: What's Next?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 27, 2019. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  11. ^ a b Simon Denyer, North Korea's Kim receives 'excellent letter' from Trump, state media says Archived 2019-07-22 at the Wayback Machine, The Washington Post (June 22, 2019).
  12. ^ Colby Itkowitz; John Hudson (June 11, 2019). "Trump praises Kim Jong Un, saying he received a 'beautiful' letter from him". Washington Post. Archived from the original on July 22, 2019. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  13. ^ Simon Denye (June 22, 2019). "North Korea's Kim receives 'excellent letter' from Trump, state media says". Washington Post. Archived from the original on July 22, 2019. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  14. ^ Kevin Liptak & Allie Malloy, Trump tweets Kim Jong Un an invitation to 'shake his hand' at DMZ Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, CNN (June 29, 2019).
  15. ^ "Choi Sun-hee, "Interesting Proposal" to Trump DMZ Summit (최선희, 트럼프 DMZ정상회동 제안에 "흥미로운 제안"". 韓聯社 (in Korean). 2019-06-29. Archived from the original on 2021-02-15. Retrieved 2019-06-30.
  16. ^ "Choi Sun Hee-Began met at Panmunjom on 29th night: 최선희-비건, 29일 밤 판문점서 만났다". 韓民族日報 (in Korean). 2019-06-30. Archived from the original on 2018-09-08. Retrieved 2019-06-30.
  17. ^ ""From Mr. Trump Panmunjom" I and Mr. Jong-un, good chemistry "Summary of US-Korea Summit (トランプ氏板門店へ「私と正恩氏、良いケミストリー」 米韓首脳会見要旨)". Mainichi Shimbun（2019年6月30日作成）. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2019-07-01.
  18. ^ ""U.S. President Trump visits Korea, welcomes K-pop" EXO "". (トランプ米大統領が訪韓、Kポップ「EXO」が出迎え)". CNN.co.jp. CNN. 2019-06-30. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
  19. ^ "DMZ diplomacy: Kim accepts Trump invite to meet at border". Associated Press. June 29, 2019. Archived from the original on June 29, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2019.
  20. ^ "South Korea's Moon Says Trump-Kim Handshake at DMZ Would Be a Milestone". The New York Times. Reuters. June 30, 2019. Archived from the original on July 1, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  21. ^ Chas Danner, Everything We Know About Trump's DMZ Meeting With Kim Jong-un Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, New York (June 30, 2019).
  22. ^ a b c d e f g Seung Min Kim & Simon Denyer, Trump becomes first sitting president to set foot into North Korea Archived 2019-07-02 at the Wayback Machine, The Washington Post (June 30, 2019).
  23. ^ Sarah Kim (June 22, 2020). "Trump didn't want Moon in DMZ, writes Bolton". Korea JoongAng Daily. Archived from the original on July 8, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2020.
  24. ^ a b c "Trump takes 20 steps into North Korea, making history as first sitting US leader to enter hermit nation". CNN. 30 June 2019. Archived from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  25. ^ "Donald Trump meets Kim Jong Un in DMZ; steps onto North Korean soil". USA Today. 30 June 2019. Archived from the original on 15 February 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  26. ^ "US-North Korea: Trump and Kim agree to restart talks in historic meeting". BBC News. 30 June 2019. Archived from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  27. ^ "DMZ: Donald Trump steps into North Korea with Kim Jong Un". CNN. 30 June 2019. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  28. ^ US-North Korea: Trump and Kim agree to restart talks in historic meeting Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, BBC News (June 30, 2019).
  29. ^ Trump's DMZ Summit - full recording by DPRK Trump's DMZ Summit Shows How Little Kim Has Conceded on Nukes Archived 2019-12-21 at the Wayback Machine,DMZ Summit - full recording by DPRK, June 30, 2019
  30. ^ Margaret Talev & Jon Herskovitz, Trump's DMZ Summit Shows How Little Kim Has Conceded on Nukes Archived 2019-07-02 at the Wayback Machine, Bloomberg News, June 30, 2019
  31. ^ "Why Ivanka Trump's North Korea Visit Is Being Criticized". Inside Edition CBS. July 1, 2019. Archived from the original on July 2, 2019. Retrieved July 2, 2019.
  32. ^ Kim Jong-un and Trump hold historic summit at DMZ and agree to resume working-level talks Archived 2020-05-09 at the Wayback Machine, Arirang News (June 30, 2019).
  33. ^ ARIRANG NEWS- 30 June 2019:FULL COVERAGE: Moon, Kim, Trump Hold Historic Three-way Talks On South Korean Soil | ARIRANG NEWS Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine
  34. ^ Al Jazeera English NEWS- 30 June 2019:Trump confirms he will meet Kim at DMZ | Al Jazeera English NEWS Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ Martin, Timothy; Leary, Alex; Jeong, Andrew (July 1, 2019). "Trump Steps Into North Korea as Two Sides Agree to Restart Nuclear Talks". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on September 18, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  36. ^ Leo Byrne, Working level talks with North Korea to resume in mid July: Pompeo Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, NKNews (June 30, 2019).
  37. ^ a b Conor Finnegan. "After Trump and Kim's handshake, what comes next in US-North Korean talks?: Analysis". ABC News. Archived from the original on 2019-07-03. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
  38. ^ a b c In New Talks, U.S. May Settle for a Nuclear Freeze by North Korea Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times (June 30, 2019).
  39. ^ South Korean party leaders praise Trump-Kim meeting Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, Yonhap (July 1, 2019).
  40. ^ ""Announcement of the Global rank Report No.2 Notification of the National Humanities and Social Sciences" ( 全球智库评价报告发布 第二届全国人文社会科学评价高峰论坛在京召开)". Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. November 10, 2015. Archived from the original on December 16, 2017.
  41. ^ ""8th leading research in the Institute of Foreign Affairs and Security ... 2nd place is the Unification Institute". (외교안보연구소 8회째 선두…2위는 통일연구원)". The Korea Economic Daily. January 13, 2016. Archived from the original on December 16, 2017.
  42. ^ http://www.arirang.co.kr/News/News_View.asp?nseq=240234 Archived 2021-02-15 at the Wayback Machine Analysis on post-DMZ nuclear talks
  43. ^ a b Dagyum Ji, North Korean media hails "historic" Kim-Trump meeting at Panmunjom Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, NKNews (July 1, 2019).
  44. ^ Trump in North Korea: KCNA hails 'amazing' visit Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, BBC News (July 1, 2019).
  45. ^ a b Peter Weber, North Korea is fawning over the 'amazing' Trump-Kim DMZ meeting. U.S. media is treating it like reality TV. Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, The Week (July 1, 2019).
  46. ^ Nic Robertson, Trump may meet Kim at the DMZ, but what's the point other than a photo op? Archived 2019-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, CNN (June 29, 2019).
  47. ^ "North Korea: Not Interested In Giving Trump Meetings to Brag | Time". 2019-11-18. Archived from the original on 2019-11-18. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  48. ^ Tong-Hyung, Kim (2019-11-19). "North Korea says it won't give Trump a summit for free". Military Times. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  49. ^ "North Korea hits back at Trump implying another summit". ABC News. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  50. ^ "North Korea says no more talks with U.S. just so Trump can boast". Reuters. 2019-11-18. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  51. ^ Lewis, Carly Walsh,Aimee (2019-11-18). "North Korea no longer interested in 'useless' meetings with US, says senior minister". CNN. Retrieved 2023-06-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  52. ^ Daniel Dale (July 1, 2019). "Fact check: Obama never 'begged' for a meeting with Kim Jong Un". CNN. Archived from the original on July 1, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  53. ^ "AP FACT CHECK: Trump on NKorea, Wages, Climate; Dem Misfires". The New York Times. Associated Press. July 1, 2019. Archived from the original on July 1, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
  54. ^ Salvador Rizzo (July 2, 2019). "Fact Checker: No, Obama didn't beg Kim Jong Un for a meeting". Washington Post. Archived from the original on July 3, 2019. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
  55. ^ Creitz, Charles (2019-07-01). "KT McFarland says Trump meeting Kim is like Nixon-Mao statecraft, dismisses critics". Fox News. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  56. ^ "Otto Warmbier trends on Twitter as users aghast at Trump photo-op in North Korea". The Enquirer. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  57. ^ Morran, Chris (2019-06-30). "As Trump Meets Kim, Twitter Users ask about Otto Warmbier". Newsweek. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  58. ^ a b Park, S. Nathan (2019-07-01). "Trump's DMZ meeting with Kim kicked diplomacy back into gear". CNN. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  59. ^ Edevane, Gillian (2019-06-30). "Trump Meeting with North Korea's Kim Jong-Un Prompts Divided Reactions". Newsweek. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  60. ^ "Trump touts Kim meeting at DMZ as 'legendary,' but little has changed". Los Angeles Times. 2019-06-30. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  61. ^ Max Boot, Trump crosses the DMZ, but his diplomacy is on the road to nowhere Archived 2019-08-19 at the Wayback Machine, The Washington Post (June 30, 2019).
  62. ^ a b c "Xi calls for 'timely' easing of North Korea sanctions after Trump-Kim meeting". South China Morning Post. 2019-07-02. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  63. ^ Japan's Abe Responds to Trump-Kim North Korea Meeting, 30 June 2019, retrieved 2023-06-22
  64. ^ "Pope Francis Praises Trump And Kim Jong Un's 'Significant' DMZ Meeting". HuffPost. 2019-06-30. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  65. ^ As Trump and Kim meet in North Korea, Pope Francis prays for peace https://catholicherald.co.uk/news/2019/07/01/as-trump-and-kim-meet-in-north-korea-pope-francis-prays-for-peace/ Archived 2019-07-02 at the Wayback Machine
  66. ^ "Trump steps over border into N Korea in landmark visit". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  67. ^ Trump meets Kim, makes history by stepping into North Korea, 30 June 2019, retrieved 2023-06-22
  68. ^ "North Korea breaks off nuclear talks with U.S. in Sweden". Reuters. 2019-10-05. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  69. ^ Johnson, Marty (2019-10-19). "US proposed helping North Korea build tourist area amid nuclear talks: report". The Hill. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  70. ^ "North Korea says US nuclear talks "sickening" after Stockholm meeting fails and questions Donald Trump admin's motivations today - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. 2019-10-07. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  71. ^ "Swedish Envoy: US, N. Korea Talks Went Longer Than Planned". VOA. 2019-10-23. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  72. ^ Lederer, Edith M. (2019-11-24). "North Korea says it's gained nothing from US but 'betrayal'". Military Times. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  73. ^ "North Korea says U.S. responsible if diplomacy over Korea peninsula breaks down". Reuters. 2019-11-22. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  74. ^ Trump: John Bolton 'made some very big mistakes', 11 September 2019, retrieved 2023-06-22
  75. ^ Trump sacks national security adviser John Bolton - BBC Newsnight, 10 September 2019, retrieved 2023-06-22
  76. ^ Sacked national security adviser John Bolton's legacy of turmoil https://www.news.com.au/finance/work/leaders/sacked-national-security-adviser-john-boltons-legacy-of-turmoil/news-story/7d35044f50c60f1cbefd4e9282f44044 Archived 2019-09-14 at the Wayback Machine
  77. ^ "Who is Robert O'Brien, Trump's new pick for national security adviser? - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  78. ^ Borger, Julian (2019-09-18). "Robert O'Brien replaces John Bolton as Trump's national security adviser". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  79. ^ "Trump picks A$AP Rocky negotiator as new national security adviser". ABC News. 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  80. ^ "Robert O'Brien: Trump names new national security adviser". BBC News. 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  81. ^ Trump names new national security adviserhttps://edition.cnn.com/2019/09/18/politics/donald-trump-robert-obrien-national-security-adviser/index.html Archived 2019-12-29 at the Wayback Machine
  82. ^ channelnewsasia: North Korea envoy confirmed as Pompeo's number two https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/north-korea-envoy-confirmed-as-pompeo-s-number-two-12198890 Archived 2019-12-20 at the Wayback Machine
  83. ^ Demirjian, Karoun (2019-12-20). "Senate confirms top North Korea envoy as Pompeo's No. 2 at State Dept". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  84. ^ North Korea envoy confirmed as Pompeo's number two https://asiancorrespondent.com/2019/12/north-korea-envoy-confirmed-as-pompeos-number-two/ Archived 2019-12-21 at the Wayback Machine
  85. ^ nytimes: U.S. Tells U.N. It Is Ready to Be Flexible in North Korea Talks, Warns Against Provocations https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2019/12/12/world/europe/12reuters-northkorea-usa-un.html Archived 2019-12-14 at the Wayback Machine
  86. ^ "US ready to be 'flexible' for 'balanced agreement' with North Korea". The Korea Times. 2019-12-12. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
  87. ^ DPR Korea: UN reports "troubling developments" in nuclear weapons & ballistic missiles program, 11 December 2019, retrieved 2023-06-22
  88. ^ Washingtonpost US: NKorea missile tests are ‘deeply counterproductive’ https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/us-nkorea-missile-tests-are-deeply-counterproductive/2019/12/11/69ef91b8-1c77-11ea-977a-15a6710ed6da_story.html Archived 2019-12-14 at the Wayback Machine
  89. ^ "U.S. tells U.N. it is ready to be flexible in North Korea talks, warns against provocations". Reuters. 2019-12-11. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2019_Koreas–United_States_DMZ_Summit&oldid=1248053880"