Bilateria (/ˌbaɪləˈtɪəriə/ BY-lə-TEER-ee-ə) is a large clade or infrakingdom of animals called bilaterians (/ˌbaɪləˈtɪəriən/ BY-lə-TEER-ee-ən), characterized...

known as ethology. Most living animal species belong to the infrakingdom Bilateria, a highly proliferative clade whose members have a bilaterally symmetric...

classification of Lynn Margulis and K. V. Schwartz, comprising the Radiata and Bilateria – all animals except the sponges. When treated as a formal taxon Eumetazoa...

ParaHoxozoa (or Parahoxozoa) is a clade of animals that consists of Bilateria, Placozoa, and Cnidaria. The relationship of this clade relative to the...

sister to Xenambulacraria (Xenacoelomorpha + Ambulacraria) at the base of Bilateria. Centroneuralia, as a proposed clade, originates in phylogenomics. More...

Together with the Deuterostomia and Xenacoelomorpha, these form the clade Bilateria, animals with bilateral symmetry, anteroposterior axis and three germ...

their outgroup Xenacoelomorpha, they constitute the large infrakingdom Bilateria, i.e. animals with bilateral symmetry and three germ layers. Initially...

Diploblasts: Ctenophora, ParaHoxozoa ParaHoxozoa: Placozoa, Cnidaria, Bilateria/Triploblast Bilateria: Xenacoelomorpha, Nephrozoa Nephrozoa: Protostomes, Deuterostomes...

expressed in bilateria, a biological group of animals. The enzyme is encoded by the AOC1 gene. This gene is highly conserved across the bilateria group which...

exhibit unmistakable bilateral symmetry as larvae, and are now in the Bilateria. Ctenophores exhibit biradial or rotational symmetry, defined by tentacular...

closely related: in fact, they represent widely separated branches of the Bilateria, as shown on the phylogenetic tree; their lineages split hundreds of millions...

and the HOX genes of two species, were more similar to those of the Bilateria. The discovery that Buddenbrockia plumatellae, a worm-like parasite of...

kind and kinships, especially with nemertodermatids and xenoturbellids (Bilateria incertae sedis)". Organisms, Diversity & Evolution. 13 (2): 267–286. doi:10...

Whether in reference to the anatomy of the human or other members of the Bilateria, the median plane, also called a mid-sagittal plane and related terms...

of Georges Cuvier's classification of the animal kingdom. Meanwhile, Bilateria is a taxonomic grouping still used today to represent organisms with embryonic...

Ctenophora, once in the Cnidaria and once in the Bilateria. If they branched off before the Cnidaria and Bilateria split, the neurons and muscles would have...

of protostomes, deuterostomes and acoelomorphs. The first evidence of bilateria in the fossil record comes from trace fossils in sediments towards the...

full ) cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Opisthokonta; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Protostomia; Ecdysozoa; Panarthropoda; Arthropoda; Chelicerata; Arachnida;...

that Cnidaria and Bilateria are more closely related to each other than either is to Ctenophora. This grouping of Cnidaria and Bilateria has been labelled...

Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Subkingdom: Eumetazoa Clade: ParaHoxozoa Clade: Bilateria Clade: Nephrozoa (unranked): Protostomia Superphylum: Ecdysozoa (unranked):...

and right sides that are approximate mirror images of each other. All bilateria are thought to have descended from a common wormlike ancestor that appear...

"Lack of support for Deuterostomia prompts reinterpretation of the first Bilateria". Science Advances. 7 (12): eabe2741. Bibcode:2021SciA....7.2741K. doi:10...

bilateral (mirror) symmetry; The latter indicates that they belong to the Bilateria, along with chordates, arthropods, annelids and molluscs. Sea urchins...

Gnathostomulida and Platyhelminthes in the phylogenetic system of the Bilateria". In Conway Morris, S.; George, J.D.; Gibson, R.; Platt, H.M. (eds.)....

Ruppert, E.E., Fox, R.S., and Barnes, R.D. (2004). "Introduction to Bilateria". Invertebrate Zoology (7 ed.). Brooks / Cole. pp. 212–214. ISBN 978-0-03-025982-1...

paraphyletic, pharyngeal slits were probably present in the common ancestor of Bilateria and vetulicolians may be stem-group protostomes that retained the ancestral...

Jan & Hypša, Václav (2003): Myxozoa, Polypodium, and the origin of the Bilateria: The phylogenetic position of "Endocnidozoa" in light of the rediscovery...

assumes a paraphyletic Deuterostomia, with Xenambulacraria at the base of Bilateria. The following phylogeny assumes a monophyletic Deuterostomia, with Xenambulacraria...

"Lack of support for Deuterostomia prompts reinterpretation of the first Bilateria". Science Advances. 7 (12): eabe2741. Bibcode:2021SciA....7.2741K. doi:10...

mouth and anus) is thought to have evolved within the nephrozoan clade of Bilateria, after their ancestral ventral orifice (single, as in cnidarians and acoels;...