• Thumbnail for Bohr–Sommerfeld model
    The BohrSommerfeld model (also known as the Sommerfeld model or BohrSommerfeld theory) was an extension of the Bohr model to allow elliptical orbits...
    12 KB (1,602 words) - 18:22, 25 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Bohr model
    physics, the Bohr model or Rutherford–Bohr model was the first successful model of the atom. Developed from 1911 to 1918 by Niels Bohr and building on...
    75 KB (10,383 words) - 06:58, 25 May 2025
  • premised on Arnold Sommerfeld's enhancements to the Bohr model of the atom. The main tool of the old quantum theory was the BohrSommerfeld quantization condition...
    33 KB (4,834 words) - 21:57, 3 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Hydrogen atom
    Hydrogen atom (category Quantum models)
    of these shortcomings were resolved by Arnold Sommerfeld's modification of the Bohr model. Sommerfeld introduced two additional degrees of freedom, allowing...
    39 KB (6,024 words) - 00:30, 28 May 2025
  • The Sommerfeld model can refer to: BohrSommerfeld model Drude–Sommerfeld model This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Sommerfeld...
    116 bytes (44 words) - 10:08, 1 July 2022
  • This gave a mathematical foundation for stationary states of the Bohr-Sommerfeld model of the atom. The second seed was Albert Einstein's quantum derivation...
    17 KB (2,117 words) - 20:24, 25 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for List of things named after Arnold Sommerfeld
    surface wave BohrSommerfeld model Sommerfeld–Wilson quantization Drude–Sommerfeld model Gamow–Sommerfeld factor Grimm–Sommerfeld rule Orr–Sommerfeld equation...
    2 KB (81 words) - 18:10, 19 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Stern–Gerlach experiment
    S2CID 225215678. Kragh, Helge (2012). "The BohrSommerfeld theory". Niels Bohr and the quantum atom: The Bohr model of atomic structure 1913–1925. Oxford University...
    30 KB (3,465 words) - 19:06, 23 May 2025
  • The shell terminology comes from Arnold Sommerfeld's modification of the 1913 Bohr model. During this period Bohr was working with Walther Kossel, whose...
    28 KB (2,765 words) - 11:55, 25 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Niels Bohr
    Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr was also a philosopher and a promoter of scientific research. Bohr developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed...
    105 KB (11,417 words) - 21:24, 16 May 2025
  • corrections encountered increasing difficulties; for example, the BohrSommerfeld model could not be extended from hydrogen to the next simplest case, the...
    81 KB (9,956 words) - 19:58, 26 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Rydberg formula
    Balmer series Hydrogen line Rydberg–Ritz combination principle Bohr atom BohrSommerfeld model See: Rydberg, J.R. (1889). "Researches sur la constitution...
    13 KB (1,900 words) - 16:21, 3 March 2025
  • Thumbnail for Drude model
    deriving the model, which was the only one available at that time. By replacing the statistics with the correct Fermi Dirac statistics, Sommerfeld significantly...
    40 KB (6,198 words) - 19:32, 19 March 2025
  • Thumbnail for Werner Heisenberg
    Werner Heisenberg (category Niels Bohr International Gold Medal recipients)
    1923 at Munich under Sommerfeld. In June 1922, Sommerfeld took Heisenberg to Göttingen to attend the Bohr Festival, because Sommerfeld had a sincere interest...
    129 KB (14,173 words) - 12:49, 27 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Stark effect
    (linear) Stark effect in hydrogen is in agreement with both the old BohrSommerfeld model and the quantum-mechanical theory of the atom, higher-order corrections...
    18 KB (2,703 words) - 02:08, 25 February 2025
  • Thumbnail for Fine-structure constant
    6×10−10. The constant was named by Arnold Sommerfeld, who introduced it in 1916 when extending the Bohr model of the atom. α quantified the gap in the...
    63 KB (7,099 words) - 18:51, 18 May 2025
  • number 107 Bohr–Van Leeuwen theorem Bohr–Kramers–Slater theory Bohr–Einstein debates SommerfeldBohr theory BohrSommerfeld quantization Bohr's complementarity...
    2 KB (231 words) - 10:23, 20 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Quantum mechanics
    classical physics cannot account for diamagnetism, and Arnold Sommerfeld's extension of the Bohr model to include special-relativistic effects. In the mid-1920s...
    99 KB (12,153 words) - 17:39, 19 May 2025
  • Sommerfeld, who combined the classical Drude model with quantum mechanical Fermi–Dirac statistics and hence it is also known as the Drude–Sommerfeld model...
    24 KB (3,426 words) - 17:10, 29 March 2025
  • approximately constant). A more accurate description may be used with the BohrSommerfeld model of the atom. The theoretical limit for the wavelength in the Pickering-Fowler...
    10 KB (1,270 words) - 15:11, 15 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Arnold Sommerfeld
    co-discovery of the Sommerfeld–Wilson quantization rules (1915), a generalization of Bohr's atomic model, introduction of the Sommerfeld fine-structure constant...
    56 KB (6,093 words) - 07:53, 25 May 2025
  • This pre-1925 period marked the old quantum theory built upon the Bohr-Sommerfeld model of the atom with its classical elliptical electron orbits. During...
    23 KB (3,358 words) - 05:05, 26 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Bohr model of the chemical bond
    In addition to the model of the atom, Niels Bohr also proposed a model of the chemical bond. He proposed this model first in the article "Systems containing...
    4 KB (444 words) - 12:19, 22 September 2024
  • the so-called "old quantum theory" developed by physicists including Bohr, Sommerfeld, and Ishiwara, in which particle trajectories exist but are hidden...
    69 KB (6,164 words) - 05:06, 23 May 2025
  • completely informative description. Complementarity as a physical model derives from Niels Bohr's 1927 lecture during the Como Conference in Italy, at a scientific...
    26 KB (3,047 words) - 06:12, 23 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Pieter Zeeman
    Zeeman on the Moon is named in his honour. Atom and Atomic Theory BohrSommerfeld model Fresnel drag coefficient Light-dragging effects "Fellows of the...
    17 KB (1,570 words) - 15:15, 25 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Walther Kossel
    interpretation of atomic spectra. Kossel worked with Bohr and Sommerfeld on the Bohr-Sommerfeld model of the atom. In 1916, Kossel put forth his theory of...
    10 KB (1,084 words) - 17:08, 6 May 2025
  • no such rules for excitation by collision processes. The Bohr model, proposed by Niels Bohr in 1913, is a revolutionary theory describing the structure...
    14 KB (1,712 words) - 02:48, 14 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Quantum number
    formula. As Bohr notes in his subsequent Nobel lecture, the next step was taken by Arnold Sommerfeld in 1915. Sommerfeld's atomic model added a second...
    30 KB (3,266 words) - 16:29, 24 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Como Conference
    Bohr first introduced the principle of complementarity. The first quantum theory of metals was also discussed through the works of Arnold Sommerfeld and...
    15 KB (1,396 words) - 18:38, 21 May 2025