Calculation in kind or calculation in-natura is a way of valuating resources and a system of accounting that uses disaggregated physical magnitudes as...

to compare different goods and services and would have to rely on calculation in kind. The resulting decisions, it is claimed, would therefore be made...

would provide appropriate valuations in order to balance supply and demand. Calculation in kind, or calculation in-natura, was often assumed to be the...

Leichter [de] as an alternative to calculation in kind for a socialist economy. Otto Leichter criticized in-kind calculation on the basis that rational accounting...

society, but a waste of human labour in socialism.[non-primary source needed] Calculation in kind Labor-time calculation Ithaca Hours Local currency Local...

it as a stateless, propertyless, post-monetary economy based on calculation in kind, a free association of producers, workplace democracy and free access...

use". In Neurath's phraseology, "total socialization" involves calculation in kind in place of financial calculation and a system of planning in place...

resources about Mental Calculation Mental calculation (also known as mental computation ) consists of arithmetical calculations made by the mind, within...

surplus product and in its most extensive theoretical form calculation-in-kind in place of financial calculation. For Marxists in particular, planning...

and in the interest of the community". Socialism is characterised as a stateless, propertyless, post-monetary economy based on calculation in kind, a free...

People's Action Party (PAP) during its first few decades in power were of a pragmatic kind as characterized by its rejection of nationalization. Despite...

valuation, such as calculation in kind, ultimately drive the economy. From the Great Depression onward, extant mixed economies in the Western world are...

tax evasion, and evading of international sanctions. Money portal Calculation in kind Coin of account Commons-based peer production Counterfeit money Digital...

forms of socialism usually include a system of accounting based on calculation-in-kind to value resources and goods. Socialist economics has been associated...

(relying solely on calculation in kind) to come about and that in turn decisively overcomes the objections raised by the economic calculation argument that...

will not introduce Fascism—but it will be a kind of big awakening. New political processes will be set in motion, will be triggered. But I'm well aware...

the Calculation of Volume (Danish title: Om udregning af rumfang) is a seven-novel-series written by Solvej Balle. Five volumes have been published in the...

through calculation in kind (i.e. technical planning based on real physical units of demand), a system of regulated stock control—much like that used in supermarkets—to...

The practice of Lassallism carried forward in the General German Workers' Association (ADAV), formed in 1863, and after the 1864 death of Lassalle. The...

was an economic system proposed in 1902 in France by Pierre Biétry, as an alternative to the "red socialism" advocated in Marxism. Biétry envisioned workers...

doctrines are generally characterized by the idea that all humans are equal in fundamental worth or moral status. As such, all people should be accorded...

rebellions and played a big role in significantly slowing down the Greek army during the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922). In time, as Ethem's Islamic socialist...

initiated in Vietnam in 1986 with the goal of creating a "socialist-oriented market economy". The term đổi mới itself is a general term with wide use in the...

based on calculation in kind, and was contrasted with "partial socialization". "Partial socialization" involved the use of in-kind calculation and planning...

economic units. In the second type of socialism, planning is utilized and include a system of accounting based on calculation-in-kind to value resources...

involved the substitution of money as a unit of calculation and monetary prices as a whole with calculation in kind (or valuation based on natural units), with...

announced they would form an informal Socialist Caucus, the first of its kind in Wisconsin since 1931. Although the Socialists had many ideas and policies...

in the preceding decades. But by the early 1970s the idea of transcending the status quo was abandoned by the Soviet leadership. Calculation in kind Economic...

involved the substitution of money as a unit of calculation and monetary prices as a whole with calculation in kind (or a valuation based on natural units),...

socialism. Market abolitionist socialism replaces factor markets with direct calculation as the means to coordinate the activities of the various socially owned...