A carbocation is an ion with a positively charged carbon atom. Among the simplest examples are the methenium CH+ 3, methanium CH+ 5 and vinyl C 2H+ 3...

isolated. Cations, often carbocations, serve as intermediates in various types of reactions to synthesize new compounds. Carbocations are formed in two major...

accurately described using steady-state kinetics. The reaction involves a carbocation intermediate and is commonly seen in reactions of secondary or tertiary...

in an addition reaction to form an alcohol which involve formation of carbocations. The hydroxyl group (OH) bonds to the carbon that has the greater number...

density with the central carbocation to stabilize it. Additionally, the surrounding sp3 hybridized carbons can stabilize the carbocation through hyperconjugation...

alkylating agents (ones for which carbocation rearrangement is degenerate), or alkylating agents that yield stabilized carbocations (e.g., benzylic or allylic...

lab at Case Western Reserve University, and has been used to stabilize carbocations and hypercoordinated carbonium ions in liquid media. Magic acid and other...

A pyramidal carbocation is a type of carbocation with a specific configuration. This ion exists as a third class, besides the classical and non-classical...

involved, whether a reactive intermediate involved in the reaction is a carbocation, a carbanion or a free radical, and whether the substrate is aliphatic...

phenyl carbocation > hydride > tertiary carbocation (if formed by migration) > secondary carbocation (if formed by migration) > methyl carbocation. {Why...

stabilize the charge on the carbocation through resonance and distribution of charge. In this case, tertiary carbocation will react faster than a secondary...

In organic chemistry, a rearrangement reaction is a broad class of organic reactions where the carbon skeleton of a molecule is rearranged to give a structural...

(proton) attacks the double bond forming a carbocation, which then reacts with the nucleophile (bromine). The carbocation can be formed on either side of the...

of the corresponding carbocations. Tertiary carbocations are far more stable than secondary carbocations, and primary carbocations are the least stable(due...

tert-butanol is a tertiary alcohol, the relative stability of the tert-butyl carbocation in the step 2 allows the SN1 mechanism to be followed, whereas a primary...

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a particular vinyl polymer Vinyl cation, a type of carbocation Vinyl group, a broad class of organic molecules in chemistry Vinyl polymer...

deprotonation of the α-carbon. This results in the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The carbocation is then deprotonated resulting in the formation of a new...

stabilizing carbocation formation, the fragmentation becomes a viable reaction pathway. The reaction generates a nitrile and a carbocation, which is quickly...

2019-07-25. Naidu, Veluru Ramesh; Ni, Shengjun; Franzén, Johan (2015). "The Carbocation: A Forgotten Lewis Acid Catalyst". ChemCatChem. 7 (13): 1896–1905. doi:10...

Nonclassical carbocations are stabilized by charge delocalization from contributions of neighbouring C−C or C−H bonds, which can form bridged intermediates...

limonene is formed from geranyl pyrophosphate, via cyclization of a neryl carbocation or its equivalent as shown. The final step involves loss of a proton...

leaving group, this generates the carbocation. In the second step, the chloride nucleophile attacks the carbocation to form the product. 2-Chlorobutane...

stability of the carbocation, and steric effects. As brief examples, the formation of a sterically unencumbered, stabilized carbocation favors the AdE2...

trans-fused carbon ring systems formed by a carbocation mediated cyclization. The remaining tertiary carbocation is quenched by a molecule of water. After...

from Higashimura, Sawamoto and Kennedy. Typically, generating a stable carbocation for a prolonged period of time is difficult, due to the possibility for...

Ionization: the carbon-halogen bond breaks to give a carbocation intermediate. deprotonation of the carbocation. E1 typically takes place with tertiary alkyl...

charge in an organic ion is formally centred on a carbon, it is termed a carbocation (if positively charged) or carbanion (if negatively charged). Monatomic...

A Wagner–Meerwein rearrangement is a class of carbocation 1,2-rearrangement reactions in which a hydrogen, alkyl or aryl group migrates from one carbon...

reactivity of carbocations via superacids. For this research, Olah was awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1994 "for his contribution to carbocation chemistry...

Hydrocarbons may form charged structures: positively charged carbocations or negative carbanions. Carbocations are often named -um. Examples are tropylium and triphenylmethyl...