In machine learning and information retrieval, the cluster hypothesis is an assumption about the nature of the data handled in those fields, which takes...

interaction (see also human-computer information retrieval). The cluster hypothesis, proposed by C. J. van Rijsbergen in 1979, asserts that two documents...

The null hypothesis (often denoted H0) is the claim in scientific research that the effect being studied does not exist. The null hypothesis can also...

Rijsbergen published "The use of hierarchic clustering in information retrieval", which articulated the "cluster hypothesis". 1975: Three highly influential publications...

statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject a particular hypothesis. A...

Cluster headache is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent severe headaches on one side of the head, typically around the eye(s). There is...

The cancer exodus hypothesis establishes that circulating tumor cell clusters (CTC clusters) maintain their multicellular structure throughout the metastatic...

\in \mathbf {Y} }\|{\vec {\mu }}_{\ell }-{\vec {x}}\|} . Cluster hypothesis k-means clustering k-nearest neighbor algorithm Linear discriminant analysis...

the Solar System. Its gravitational effects could explain the peculiar clustering of orbits for a group of extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs)—bodies...

eventually form a cluster of about 1014 M☉. A low velocity dispersion compared to that of, for example, the Coma Cluster, supports this hypothesis. The Eridanus...

The giant-impact hypothesis, sometimes called the Theia Impact, is an astrogeology hypothesis for the formation of the Moon first proposed in 1946 by Canadian...

clusters. No known globular clusters display active star formation, consistent with the hypothesis that globular clusters are typically the oldest objects...

hypothesis, and then test the hypothesis on the second (new) set of information. (See hypothesis testing.) However, after constructing a hypothesis on...

statistical hypothesis testing, the alternative hypothesis is one of the proposed propositions in the hypothesis test. In general the goal of hypothesis test...

In planetary astronomy and astrobiology, the Rare Earth hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of biological complexity, such as sexually...

The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well...

statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when a result at least as "extreme" would be very infrequent if the null hypothesis were...

Singularities that are not so hidden are called naked. The weak cosmic censorship hypothesis was conceived by Roger Penrose in 1969 and posits that no naked singularities...

density near the nucleus. A hypothesis was that it was caused by an obscuring cloud of interstellar matter between us and the cluster, but a paper by James...

large-scale data processing. Spark provides an interface for programming clusters with implicit data parallelism and fault tolerance. Originally developed...

chloroplasts. In addition, the bulk flow hypothesis is also supported by the presence of non-random clusters of organelle genes, suggesting the simultaneous...

In null-hypothesis significance testing, the p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed,...

galaxies. This is a hypothesis for the formation of globular clusters. Thus, globular clusters could be the remains of nuclear star clusters excluded from gas...

The multiregional hypothesis, multiregional evolution (MRE), or polycentric hypothesis, is a scientific model that provides an alternative explanation...

The hydrogen hypothesis is a model proposed by William F. Martin and Miklós Müller in 1998 that describes a possible way in which the mitochondrion arose...

false positive, is the erroneous rejection of a true null hypothesis in statistical hypothesis testing. A type II error, or a false negative, is the erroneous...

A chi-squared test (also chi-square or χ2 test) is a statistical hypothesis test used in the analysis of contingency tables when the sample sizes are large...

The 2R hypothesis or Ohno's hypothesis, first proposed by Susumu Ohno in 1970, is a hypothesis that the genomes of the early vertebrate lineage underwent...

dark flow is a controversial hypothesis to explain certain non-random measurements of peculiar velocity of galaxy clusters. The actual measured velocity...

into the cytosol. Low calcium in the endoplasmic reticulum causes STIM1 clustering on the ER membrane and leads to activation of cell membrane CRAC channels...