In vector calculus, the gradient of a scalar-valued differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} of several variables is the vector field (or vector-valued...

Stochastic gradient descent (often abbreviated SGD) is an iterative method for optimizing an objective function with suitable smoothness properties (e...

Gradient descent is a method for unconstrained mathematical optimization. It is a first-order iterative algorithm for finding a local minimum of a differentiable...

Gradient boosting is a machine learning technique based on boosting in a functional space, where the target is pseudo-residuals rather than the typical...

In color science, a color gradient (also known as a color ramp or a color progression) specifies a range of position-dependent colors, usually used to...

In machine learning, the vanishing gradient problem is encountered when training neural networks with gradient-based learning methods and backpropagation...

rate. Gradient may also refer to: Gradient sro, a Czech aircraft manufacturer Image gradient, a gradual change or blending of color Color gradient, a range...

surface gradient is a vector differential operator that is similar to the conventional gradient. The distinction is that the surface gradient takes effect...

A temperature gradient is a physical quantity that describes in which direction and at what rate the temperature changes the most rapidly around a particular...

everywhere orthogonal to the gradient of the function and that has the same magnitude as the gradient. The skew gradient can be defined using complex...

machine learning, backpropagation is a gradient estimation method used to train neural network models. The gradient estimate is used by the optimization...

Geothermal gradient is the rate of change in temperature with respect to increasing depth in Earth's interior. As a general rule, the crust temperature...

electrochemical gradient is a gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can move across a membrane. The gradient consists of two...

In mathematics, the conjugate gradient method is an algorithm for the numerical solution of particular systems of linear equations, namely those whose...

The gradient theorem, also known as the fundamental theorem of calculus for line integrals, says that a line integral through a gradient field can be evaluated...

A spatial gradient is a gradient whose components are spatial derivatives, i.e., rate of change of a given scalar physical quantity with respect to the...

In hydrodynamics and hydrostatics, the pressure gradient (typically of air but more generally of any fluid) is a physical quantity that describes in which...

geometry, the four-gradient (or 4-gradient) ∂ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\partial }}} is the four-vector analogue of the gradient ∇ → {\displaystyle...

The Alveolar–arterial gradient (A-aO 2, or A–a gradient), is a measure of the difference between the alveolar concentration (A) of oxygen and the arterial...

wind gradient, more specifically wind speed gradient or wind velocity gradient, or alternatively shear wind, is the vertical component of the gradient of...

The grade (US) or gradient (UK) (also called stepth, slope, incline, mainfall, pitch or rise) of a physical feature, landform or constructed line refers...

A diffusion gradient is a gradient in the rates of diffusion of multiple groups of molecules through a medium or substrate. The groups of molecules may...

by the gradient of the function at the current point. Examples of gradient methods are the gradient descent and the conjugate gradient. Gradient descent...

In mathematics, the slope or gradient of a line is a number that describes the direction and steepness of the line. Often denoted by the letter m, slope...

mathematical morphology and digital image processing, a morphological gradient is the difference between the dilation and the erosion of a given image...

An image gradient is a directional change in the intensity or color in an image. The gradient of the image is one of the fundamental building blocks in...

Texture gradient is the distortion in size which closer objects have compared to objects farther away. It also involves groups of objects appearing denser...

Gradient noise is a type of noise commonly used as a procedural texture primitive in computer graphics. It is conceptually different from[further explanation...

Stream gradient (or stream slope) is the grade (or slope) of a stream. It is measured by the ratio of drop in elevation and horizontal distance. It is...

Gradient-index (GRIN) optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual...