DIC microscopy is increasingly replaced by Hoffman modulation contrast microscopy, invented by Robert Hoffman in 1975. Traditional phase-contrast methods...

Hoffman modulation contrast microscopy (HMC microscopy) is an optical microscopy technique for enhancing the contrast in unstained biological specimens...

Quantitative phase contrast microscopy or quantitative phase imaging are the collective names for a group of microscopy methods that quantify the phase...

Confocal microscopy, most frequently confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), is an optical imaging technique...

Köhler illuminator's field diaphragm Polarized light microscopy Hoffman modulation contrast microscopy Köhler, August (1893). "Ein neues Beleuchtungsverfahren...

part of Differential Interference Contrast and Hoffman Modulation Contrast systems, which aim to improve contrast and visibility of transparent specimens...

phase-contrast techniques used to observe unstained cells are Hoffman modulation and differential interference contrast microscopy. Phase-contrast microscopy...

crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, and X-ray astronomy. X-rays and visible light are...

scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). As s-SNOM, nano-FTIR is based on atomic-force microscopy (AFM), where a sharp tip is illuminated...

unique because of their extensive network of T-tubules. Using electron microscopy, it was proposed that DNA uptake was facilitated by caveolae (or, non-clathrin...

the nervous system. Progress in this area enables the monitoring and modulation of neural activity. For instance, because the mother-fetus interactions...

cerebral, skeletal muscle, and skin perfusion, with early intravital microscopy experiments conducted in the late Brian Duling’s laboratory. Kaul was...

conspicuous pyrenoid in a single chloroplast, visible using light microscopy. By contrast, in diatoms and dinoflagellates, there can be multiple pyrenoids...

became a common feature in satellites. These arrays consisted of 9600 Hoffman solar cells. By the 1960s, solar cells were (and still are) the main power...

Chemistry for their work in discovering this system. Although electron microscopy (EM) data revealing the stacked-ring structure of the proteasome became...

modification at T72. Thioflavin T aggregation assays and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that this modified α-synuclein does not readily form aggregates...

noncollagenous extracellular matrix proteins in mineralized tissues". Microscopy Research and Technique. 31 (1): 44–62. doi:10.1002/jemt.1070310105. PMID 7626799...

Michael A.; Bowen, Warwick P. (June 2021). "Quantum-enhanced nonlinear microscopy". Nature. 594 (7862): 201–206. Bibcode:2021Natur.594..201C. doi:10...