before the insulin transcription start site, called the "insulin regulatory sequence". This sequence is made up of several distinct regions with different...

A regulatory sequence is a segment of a nucleic acid molecule which is capable of increasing or decreasing the expression of specific genes within an...

the transcription factors itself. Several regulatory sequences in the promoter region of the human insulin gene bind to transcription factors. In general...

The glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP) also known as glucokinase (hexokinase 4) regulator (GCKR) is a protein produced in hepatocytes (liver cells)...

diversity of sequences and organisms Identification of molecular structure from sequence alone. Since the very first sequences of the insulin protein were...

As a medication, insulin is any pharmaceutical preparation of the protein hormone insulin that is used to treat high blood glucose. Such conditions include...

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), also called somatomedin C, is a hormone similar in molecular structure to insulin which plays an important role...

are transcription factors that bind to a sequence in the promoter of different genes, called sterol regulatory element-1 (SRE1). This element is a decamer...

Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a signaling adapter protein that in humans is encoded by the IRS1 gene. It is a 180 kDa protein with amino acid...

as human insulin. These modifications are achieved through genetic engineering, which allows for changes in the amino acid sequence of insulin to optimize...

different recombinant insulin preparations are in widespread use. Recombinant insulin is synthesized by inserting the human insulin gene into E. coli, or...

pancreatic β cells disrupts normal insulin secretion, leading to hyperinsulinemia and consequently peripheral insulin resistance associated with obesity...

an hour after a rise in insulin levels, as after a carbohydrate meal. [citation needed] Insulin acting via the sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c...

affect both insulin and IAPP production and release. Insulin and IAPP are regulated by similar factors since they share a common regulatory promoter motif...

which has a shorter consensus sequence. The TATA box is considered a non-coding DNA sequence (also known as a cis-regulatory element). It was termed the...

Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that bind to the sterol regulatory element DNA sequence TCACNCCAC. Mammalian...

stimulate the release of insulin. Insulin allows glucose to be taken up and used by insulin-dependent tissues. Thus, glucagon and insulin are part of a feedback...

PDX1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1), also known as insulin promoter factor 1, is a transcription factor in the ParaHox gene cluster. In vertebrates...

The regulatory T cells (Tregs /ˈtiːrɛɡ/ or Treg cells), formerly known as suppressor T cells, are a subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune system...

pharmaceuticals Incidence Rate, in epidemiology Insulin receptor, a transmembrane receptor that is activated by insulin Insulin resistance, a pathological condition...

mechanism of that regulation. Ruvkun also discovered many features of insulin-like signaling in the regulation of aging and metabolism. He was elected...

vivo study on mice proved MafA binds to the promoter in an insulin gene to regulate insulin transcription in response to serum glucose levels. MafA is...

determination of the amino acid sequence of insulin (by Sir Frederick Sanger, for which he received a Nobel Prize). Insulin was the first protein that the...

synthetic ghrelin mimetics. It has been discovered that when GHRP-6 and insulin are administered simultaneously, GH response to GHRP-6 is increased (1)...

whereas its dephosphorylation through the action of insulin stimulates glycolysis. The three regulatory enzymes are hexokinase (or glucokinase in the liver)...

member 4, is a protein encoded, in humans, by the SLC2A4 gene. GLUT4 is the insulin-regulated glucose transporter found primarily in adipose tissues and striated...

protein sequences became available after Frederick Sanger determined the sequence of insulin in the early 1950s. Comparing multiple sequences manually...

a catalytic subunit is always paired with one or more regulatory subunits. The core sequence motif for binding to the catalytic subunit is "RVxF", but...

plasma of unanesthetized sheep. Spontaneous secretion and response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 86 (1): 17–24...

designs have also been found to unintentionally introduce cryptic regulatory sequences or frameshifts, especially when modifying or stacking inserts, which...