In cryptography, a keystream is a stream of random or pseudorandom characters that are combined with a plaintext message to produce an encrypted message...

insecure. It is especially vulnerable when the beginning of the output keystream is not discarded, or when nonrandom or related keys are used. Particularly...

digit stream (keystream). In a stream cipher, each plaintext digit is encrypted one at a time with the corresponding digit of the keystream, to give a digit...

, Z = 26. Generate one keystream value for each letter in the message using the keystream algorithm below. Add each keystream value to the corresponding...

cryptographic known-plaintext attacks for breaking stream ciphers whose keystreams are generated by combining the output of several linear-feedback shift...

Internet. If, however, the same keystream is used for two messages, known to cryptanalysts as a depth, the effect of the keystream can be eliminated, leaving...

authentication. However, it is quite the reverse. It is possible to derive the keystream used for the handshake by capturing the challenge frames in Shared Key...

function family in that it can easily generate arbitrary portions of the keystream without having to start from the beginning. This makes it particularly...

key-autokey cipher uses previous members of the keystream to determine the next element in the keystream. A text-autokey uses the previous message text...

corresponding decryption with verification. Coupling with an efficient keystream generator, such as Panama, MUGI, and RC4, the algorithm efficiently encrypts...

In cryptography, Mutual Irregular Clocking KEYstream generator (MICKEY) is a stream cipher algorithm developed by Steve Babbage and Matthew Dodd. The...

GF(q). The keystream generation process simply consists in iterating the three following steps in order to produce (k -1) n GF(q) keystream values at each...

all three generators. Ross Anderson, «On Fibonacci Keystream Generators», 1994. On Fibonacci Keystream Generators, Ross Anderson, 27-Jul-2006. v t e...

partial block of plaintext is XORed with the first few bytes of the last keystream block, producing a final ciphertext block that is the same size as the...

Key Encryption. The cipher works in cipher feedback mode, generating keystream blocks from previous ciphertext blocks. WAKE uses an S-box with 256 entries...

cryptanalyst, derived a keystream of almost 4000 characters. Then Bill Tutte, a newly arrived member of the Research Section, used this keystream to work out the...

initialization vectors (IVs) used with RC4. RC4 encrypts one byte at a time with a keystream output from prga(); RC4 uses the key to initialize a state machine via...

input to the RC4 key setup algorithm. The message, XORed with the RC4 keystream, immediately follows. The Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack on RC4 has...

of random bytes as keystream. SEAL is a stream cipher that uses SHA-1 to generate internal tables, which are then used in a keystream generator more or...

than one message and then a different nonce is used to ensure that the keystream is different for different messages encrypted with that key; often the...

enciphered by combining it with a random or pseudorandom bitstream (the "keystream") to generate the ciphertext. This combination is done using the Boolean...

is downward compatible and can produce the same keystream as ACHTERBAHN-80 if so desired. The keystream generator of ACHTERBAHN-128/80 is based on the...

in which a text, typically from a book, is used to provide a very long keystream. The earliest description of such a cipher was given in 1892 by French...

is found in some common libc implementations. It used to refer to the keystream generator of a leaked version of RC4 cipher (hence "alleged RC4"), but...

for the encoding. E0 is divided in three parts: Payload key generation Keystream generation Encoding The setup of the initial state in Bluetooth uses the...

ones, had been eliminated. One such flaw was the ability to reset the keystream to a fixed point, which led to key reuse by undisciplined machine operators...

Encryption (AIE) keystream generator is vulnerable to decryption oracle attacks due to the use of publicly-broadcast network time—keystream reuse can be triggered...

rounds to recover the 256-bit secret key in 2255 operations, using 211.37 keystream pairs. However, this attack does not seem to be competitive with the brute...

a keystream (in place of a Pseudorandom number generator) and applying an XOR operation to each bit of the plaintext with each bit of the keystream. Message...

the Blum-Blum-Shub (BBS) pseudo-random number generator to generate the keystream. Decryption is accomplished by manipulating the final state of the BBS...