minimal surface. Earth normal section Normal bundle Normal curvature Osculating plane Principal curvature Tangent plane (geometry) Ruane, Irving Adler,...

In geometry, a normal is an object (e.g. a line, ray, or vector) that is perpendicular to a given object. For example, the normal line to a plane curve...

containing the normal vector of a surface; see Normal plane (geometry). A term involving gears; see list of gear nomenclature. Normal bundle Normal section This...

The parallel postulate of Euclidean geometry is replaced with: For any given line R and point P not on R, in the plane containing both line R and point P...

extension, k points in a plane are collinear if and only if any (k–1) pairs of points have the same pairwise slopes. In Euclidean geometry, the Euclidean distance...

the linear span of the tangent and normal vectors. Normal plane (geometry) Osculating circle Differential geometry of curves § Special Frenet vectors...

In mathematics, analytic geometry, also known as coordinate geometry or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system. This contrasts...

article is used, so the Euclidean plane refers to the whole space. Many fundamental tasks in mathematics, geometry, trigonometry, graph theory, and graphing...

In geometry and science, a cross section is the non-empty intersection of a solid body in three-dimensional space with a plane, or the analog in higher-dimensional...

projective plane, also known as the extended Euclidean plane. This example, in slightly different guises, is important in algebraic geometry, topology...

In geometry, a hyperplane is a generalization of a two-dimensional plane in three-dimensional space to mathematical spaces of arbitrary dimension. Like...

In geometry, the tangent line (or simply tangent) to a plane curve at a given point is, intuitively, the straight line that "just touches" the curve at...

algebraic geometry Noncommutative geometry Numerical geometry Ordered geometry Parabolic geometry Plane geometry Projective geometry Quantum geometry Riemannian...

In Euclidean geometry, a plane is a flat two-dimensional surface that extends indefinitely. Euclidean planes often arise as subspaces of three-dimensional...

and zeroes of a function in the complex plane. In mathematics, analytic geometry (also called Cartesian geometry) describes every point in two-dimensional...

In non-Euclidean geometry, the Poincaré half-plane model is the upper half-plane, denoted below as H = { ⟨ x , y ⟩ ∣ y > 0 ; x , y ∈ R } {\displaystyle...

apply only to finite planes. There are two main kinds of finite plane geometry: affine and projective. In an affine plane, the normal sense of parallel lines...

In analytic geometry, the intersection of two planes in three-dimensional space is a line. The line of intersection between two planes Π 1 : n 1 ⋅ r =...

algebraic geometry, the normal cone of a subscheme of a scheme is a scheme analogous to the normal bundle or tubular neighborhood in differential geometry. The...

In geometry, two geometric objects are perpendicular if their intersection forms right angles (angles that are 90 degrees or π/2 radians wide) at the point...

In mathematics, the differential geometry of surfaces deals with the differential geometry of smooth surfaces with various additional structures, most...

surface onto a flat plane, a consequence of the later Theorema Egregium of Gauss. The first systematic or rigorous treatment of geometry using the theory...

model and view matrices. Typically the geometry provides a normal and tangent. The tangent is part of the tangent plane and can be transformed simply with...

normal form named after Otto Hesse, is an equation used in analytic geometry, and describes a line in R 2 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{2}} or a plane...

In differential geometry, the Frenet–Serret formulas describe the kinematic properties of a particle moving along a differentiable curve in three-dimensional...

wrench model of classical mechanics to be constructed. The plane-based approach to geometry may be contrasted with the approach that uses the cross product...

algebraic plane curve is the zero set of a polynomial in two variables. A projective algebraic plane curve is the zero set in a projective plane of a homogeneous...

terminology of differential geometry, polar coordinates provide coordinate charts for the differentiable manifold R2 \ {(0,0)}, the plane minus the origin. In...

referred to as descriptive geometry, and "is concerned with two-dimensional representations of three dimensional objects. Plane projections and perspective...

"disk" in the plane is similar. Small spheres or balls are sometimes called spherules, e.g. in Martian spherules. In analytic geometry, a sphere with...