Speculative execution is an optimization technique where a computer system performs some task that may not be needed. Work is done before it is known...

Transient execution CPU vulnerabilities are vulnerabilities in which instructions, most often optimized using speculative execution, are executed temporarily...

security vulnerability and its exploitation that takes advantage of speculative execution in a similar way to the Meltdown and Spectre security vulnerabilities...

Spectre is one of the speculative execution CPU vulnerabilities which involve side-channel attacks. These affect modern microprocessors that perform branch...

executed later in parallel with the normal execution on a separate independent thread. Such a speculative thread may need to make assumptions about the...

dedicated to public speaking and literary composition, founded in 1764 Speculative execution, in computer systems is doing work, the result of which may not...

Retbleed is a speculative execution attack on x86-64 and ARM processors, including some recent Intel and AMD chips. First made public in 2022, it is a...

Meltdown is one of the two original speculative execution CPU vulnerabilities (the other being Spectre). Meltdown affects Intel x86 microprocessors, IBM...

x86-64 microprocessors. It is a transient execution CPU vulnerability which relies on speculative execution of Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) instructions...

disclosed to the public on 14 August 2018. The vulnerability is a speculative execution attack on Intel processors that may result in the disclosure of...

of security vulnerabilities were found in the implementations of speculative execution on common processor architectures which effectively enabled an elevation...

computer central processing units that use speculative execution. It exploits side-effects of speculative execution to improve the efficiency of Rowhammer...

specialized) execution units. These modern x86 designs are thus pipelined, superscalar, and also capable of out of order and speculative execution (via branch...

exception thrown during speculative execution forces the CPU to stall, preventing further instructions from being speculatively executed. A Pacman gadget...

determined. Several other forms of speculative execution have been proposed and are in use, including speculative execution driven by value prediction, memory...

the outcome of a branch. Execution continues along the predicted path for the program but instructions are tagged as speculative. If the guess turns out...

Imperial College London showed a proof of concept that the Spectre speculative execution security vulnerability can be adapted to attack the secure enclave...

issued and continue execution until the data are returned from main memory, and the dependent instructions can resume execution. Cache write misses to...

rigid methods used in the simpler P5 Pentium; it also simplified speculative execution and allowed higher clock frequencies compared to designs such as...

prediction used in modern microprocessors. Most processors use a form of speculative execution, this feature allows the processors to make educated guesses about...

higher Transient execution CPU vulnerabilities are vulnerabilities in which instructions, most often optimized using speculative execution, are executed...

In computer engineering, out-of-order execution (or more formally dynamic execution) is an instruction scheduling paradigm used in high-performance central...

high amount of stalling. Techniques such as branch prediction and speculative execution are used to lessen these branch penalties. Branch prediction is...

time. In June 2022, MIT researchers announced they had found a speculative execution vulnerability in M1 chips which they called "Pacman" after pointer...

journals in the early 1990s that described how an out-of-order with speculative execution CPU might be designed. This was one of the first publicly disclosed...

increase ILP: Predicated execution is used to decrease the occurrence of branches and to increase the speculative execution of instructions. In this feature...

to the technologies of superscalar execution, operand forwarding, speculative execution and out-of-order execution. Graphics pipelines, found in most...

instructions, ARMv8.4-A's dot product instructions, and ARMv8.5-A's speculative execution controls such as SSBS, CSDB, SSBB, and PSSBB. Memory bandwidth is...

any instruction reordering, speculative execution or register renaming. A side effect of having no speculative execution is invulnerability against Meltdown...

improve performance via register renaming, allowing parallel and speculative execution. Modern x86 design acquired these techniques around 1995 with the...