• In Riemannian geometry, the sphere theorem, also known as the quarter-pinched sphere theorem, strongly restricts the topology of manifolds admitting metrics...
    5 KB (614 words) - 13:27, 9 April 2025
  • theorem (2). But the point can be considered to be external to the remaining sphere of radius r, and according to (1) all of the mass of this sphere can...
    31 KB (5,935 words) - 06:43, 26 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Hairy ball theorem
    always tangent to the sphere at p, then there is at least one pole, a point where the field vanishes (a p such that f(p) = 0). The theorem was first proved...
    14 KB (1,809 words) - 15:01, 7 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for 3-manifold
    Papakyriakopoulos in 1956, along with Dehn's lemma and the Sphere theorem. A simple and useful version of the loop theorem states that if there is a map f : ( D 2 , ∂...
    45 KB (5,821 words) - 09:01, 24 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Poincaré–Hopf theorem
    Poincaré–Hopf theorem (also known as the Poincaré–Hopf index formula, Poincaré–Hopf index theorem, or Hopf index theorem) is an important theorem that is used...
    7 KB (926 words) - 22:20, 1 May 2025
  • disk, the complex plane, or the Riemann sphere. The theorem is a generalization of the Riemann mapping theorem from simply connected open subsets of the...
    29 KB (3,387 words) - 14:54, 27 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Dandelin spheres
    well. The Dandelin spheres can be used to give elegant modern proofs of two classical theorems known to Apollonius. The first theorem is that a closed conic...
    11 KB (1,203 words) - 06:57, 9 June 2025
  • In mathematics, Reeb sphere theorem, named after Georges Reeb, states that A closed oriented connected manifold M n that admits a singular foliation having...
    5 KB (690 words) - 12:33, 19 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Simon Brendle
    (conjectured by Richard Hamilton). In 2007, he proved the differentiable sphere theorem (in collaboration with Richard Schoen), a fundamental problem in global...
    6 KB (549 words) - 18:44, 15 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Gauss–Bonnet theorem
    northern hemisphere cut out from a sphere of radius R. Its Euler characteristic is 1. On the left hand side of the theorem, we have K = 1 / R 2 {\displaystyle...
    13 KB (1,843 words) - 01:47, 11 December 2024
  • Thumbnail for Pythagorean theorem
    In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras' theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle...
    94 KB (12,692 words) - 05:47, 14 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Descartes' theorem
    theorem to spheres, and in another poem described the chain of six spheres each tangent to its neighbors and to three given mutually tangent spheres,...
    51 KB (6,411 words) - 13:40, 13 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Richard Schoen
    obtaining a new convergence theorem for Ricci flow. A special case of their convergence theorem has the differentiable sphere theorem as a simple corollary...
    32 KB (3,305 words) - 22:28, 31 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Sphere
    A sphere (from Greek σφαῖρα, sphaîra) is a surface analogous to the circle, a curve. In solid geometry, a sphere is the set of points that are all at the...
    41 KB (5,342 words) - 15:01, 12 May 2025
  • geometry) Soul theorem (Riemannian geometry) Sphere theorem (Riemannian geometry) Synge's theorem (Riemannian geometry) Toponogov's theorem (Riemannian geometry)...
    78 KB (6,289 words) - 12:34, 6 June 2025
  • /ˈpwæ̃kæreɪ/, US: /ˌpwæ̃kɑːˈreɪ/, French: [pwɛ̃kaʁe]) is a theorem about the characterization of the 3-sphere, which is the hypersphere that bounds the unit ball...
    44 KB (5,324 words) - 03:31, 10 April 2025
  • Papakyriakopoulos in 1956, along with Dehn's lemma and the Sphere theorem. A simple and useful version of the loop theorem states that if for some 3-dimensional manifold...
    3 KB (586 words) - 02:12, 28 September 2024
  • In mathematics, Kuiper's theorem (after Nicolaas Kuiper) is a result on the topology of operators on an infinite-dimensional, complex Hilbert space H...
    8 KB (1,035 words) - 00:32, 26 March 2025
  • Thumbnail for Homotopy groups of spheres
    suspension theorem, which relates the homotopy groups of a space and its suspension. In the case of spheres, the suspension of an n-sphere is an (n+1)-sphere, and...
    83 KB (8,124 words) - 04:10, 28 March 2025
  • of each dimension for a simplicial d-sphere? In the case of polytopal spheres, the answer is given by the g-theorem, proved in 1979 by Billera and Lee (existence)...
    4 KB (515 words) - 02:09, 17 March 2025
  • Thumbnail for Grigori Perelman
    cylinder collapsing to its axis, or a sphere collapsing to its center. Perelman's proof of his canonical neighborhoods theorem is a highly technical achievement...
    65 KB (6,324 words) - 12:35, 13 June 2025
  • Nash–Kuiper theorem. For example, the image of any smooth isometric hypersurface immersion of the round sphere must itself be a round sphere. By contrast...
    16 KB (1,989 words) - 12:06, 7 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Jordan curve theorem
    resulting in the Jordan–Brouwer separation theorem. Theorem—Let X be an n-dimensional topological sphere in the (n+1)-dimensional Euclidean space Rn+1...
    27 KB (3,351 words) - 16:53, 4 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Ricci flow
    convergence theorem (Brendle & Schoen 2009). Their convergence theorem included as a special case the resolution of the differentiable sphere theorem, which...
    57 KB (8,360 words) - 13:50, 4 June 2025
  • hard open question of whether the 4-sphere has non-standard smooth structures. For n = 2, the h-cobordism theorem is equivalent to the Poincaré conjecture...
    12 KB (1,914 words) - 13:44, 24 March 2025
  • Brouwer's fixed-point theorem is a fixed-point theorem in topology, named after L. E. J. (Bertus) Brouwer. It states that for any continuous function f...
    61 KB (8,516 words) - 14:55, 14 June 2025
  • Dehn's lemma Loop theorem (aka the Disk theorem) Sphere theorem Haken manifold JSJ decomposition Branched surface Lamination Examples 3-sphere Torus bundles...
    3 KB (266 words) - 19:43, 7 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Mikhael Gromov (mathematician)
    the notion of almost flat manifolds.[G78] The famous quarter-pinched sphere theorem in Riemannian geometry says that if a complete Riemannian manifold has...
    48 KB (3,749 words) - 17:26, 12 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Alexander horned sphere
    The Alexander horned sphere is a pathological object in topology discovered by J. W. Alexander (1924). It is a particular topological embedding of a two-dimensional...
    7 KB (812 words) - 06:16, 14 August 2024
  • In mathematics, in the topology of 3-manifolds, the sphere theorem of Christos Papakyriakopoulos (1957) gives conditions for elements of the second homotopy...
    3 KB (423 words) - 18:20, 2 March 2023