contrast to private serfs, state peasants were considered personally free, although their freedom of movement was restricted. The state peasants were created...

exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer is a type of magnetometer developed at Princeton University in the early 2000s. SERF magnetometers measure magnetic...

The status of the helots in the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta resembled that of the medieval serfs. By the 3rd century AD, the Roman Empire faced a...

up a new system whereby the state would be able to purchase farmland from the landowners and sell it to the freed serfs. The Tsar told Moscow nobles:...

the tax paid by Romani state serfs in Bessarabia to the Russian Empire after the region was incorporated in 1812. Roma state serfs were organised in 3 categories:...

In tsarist Russia, the term serf (Russian: крепостной крестьянин, romanized: krepostnoy krest'yanin, lit. 'bonded peasant') meant an unfree peasant who...

serfdom, and the increasing demands of the state and of private landowners intensified the exploitation of serf labour. This was one of the chief reasons...

Siberian artel members, or self-employed workers drawn largely from the state serf and townsman class who engaged in the Siberian, maritime, and later fur...

Saint Serf or Serbán (Servanus) (c. 500 – c. 583) is a saint of Scotland. Serf was venerated in western Fife. He is called the apostle of Orkney, with...

education and welfare, which ex-serfs were unable to acquire. Exceptional status Free agriculturalist State serf The former serfs became peasants, joining the...

in 1864, and on much better terms for the nobles than in Russia. State-owned serfs (those living on and working Imperial lands) were emancipated in 1866...

yet taken by Russia. She was captured with her brother, Ivan, and sold as serfs to Prince Nikifor Kondrat'evich Viazemskii, former tutor of Alexei Petrovich...

resources of the entire Congo Free State, Leopold issued three decrees in 1891 and 1892 that reduced the native population to serfs. Collectively, these forced...

Vinton Gray Cerf (/sɜːrf/; born June 23, 1943) is an American Internet pioneer and is recognized as one of "the fathers of the Internet", sharing this...

before 1865, a slave state was a state in which slavery and the internal or domestic slave trade were legal, while a free state was one in which they...

Fitz, and directed "Many Happy Returns" and "A Change of Mind" as Joseph Serf. He also wrote "Once Upon A Time" and "Fall Out" using his own name. "MGM...

retired politician from the state of New York. A onetime chairman of the Conservative Party of New York, Maltese served as a state senator from district 15...

change to Georgia, with new social classes emerging: the emancipation of the serfs freed many peasants but did little to alleviate their poverty; the growth...

intelligentsia committed to national rebirth and social justice emerged. The serf-turned-national-poet Taras Shevchenko (1814–1861) and political theorist...

medieval period, the former assumption that Greeks were treated only as serfs on the island is no longer considered by academics to be accurate. It is...

S2CID 153338264. Zenkovsky, Serge A. (October 1961). "The Emancipation of the Serfs in Retrospect". The Russian Review. 20 (4). Wiley: 280–293. doi:10.2307/126692...

Manifesto of three-day corvee or An Imperial Edict Forbidding Sunday Labor by Serfs (Russian: Манифест о трёхдневной барщине от 5 апреля 1797 года, romanized: Manifest...

were replaced with "serf" and "master" respectively, there would be immediate upheaval and if the conditions of the servile state were immediately imposed...

nationalised, with some one million peasants on monastery land becoming state serfs practically overnight. A new ecclesiastic educational system was begun...

Serfs' Emancipation Day, observed annually on 28 March, is a holiday in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China that celebrates the emancipation of serfs...

condition and illiteracy of the serfs who made up the armed forces, the inability of the serf economy to sustain a state of war against industrial powers...

King of Navarre (as Louis I) from 1305 until his death. He emancipated serfs who could buy their freedom and readmitted Jews into the kingdom. His short...

of 12 antique chairs. Brooks makes a cameo appearance as an alcoholic ex-serf who "yearns for the regular beatings of yesteryear". The film was shot in...

itself remained undeveloped by the 1830s. Former Ukrainian Cossacks and state serfs from various counties of the Poltava and Kharkov governorates began moving...

were 3 forms of serfdom: albatu—state serfs, khamjilga—personal serfs of khoshun rulers and of taijis, and shabi—serfs of Khutuhtus, supreme clergy. To...