generalization involving infinite degrees of freedom is field quantization, as in the "quantization of the electromagnetic field", referring to photons as field...

(music) Quantization (physics) Canonical quantization Geometric quantization Discrete spectrum, or otherwise discrete quantity Spatial quantization Charge...

In physics, canonical quantization is a procedure for quantizing a classical theory, while attempting to preserve the formal structure, such as symmetries...

error) is referred to as quantization error. A device or algorithmic function that performs quantization is called a quantizer. An analog-to-digital converter...

Canonical quantization First quantization Geometric quantization Quantization (physics) Schrödinger functional Scalar field theory Second quantization on Wikiversity...

levels within an atom. Quantization is one of the foundations of the much broader physics of quantum mechanics. Quantization of energy and its influence...

equation in classical physics should be built in. One of the earliest attempts at a natural quantization was Weyl quantization, proposed by Hermann Weyl...

charge quantization has appeared. (The concept of local gauge invariance—see Gauge theory—provides a natural explanation of charge quantization, without...

Vector meson, a meson with total spin 1 and odd parity Vector quantization, a quantization technique used in signal processing Vector soliton, a solitary...

unsolved problems grouped into broad areas of physics. Some of the major unsolved problems in physics are theoretical, meaning that existing theories...

the electric constant, and ħ is the reduced Planck constant. Charge quantization is the principle that the charge of any object is an integer multiple...

rigorously quantize non-Abelian Yang–Mills theory, such as done with BRST quantization. A field with a negative ghost number (the number of ghosts excitations...

Weyl quantization. It is now understood that Weyl quantization does not satisfy all the properties one would require for consistent quantization and therefore...

following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to physics: Physics – natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion...

from Φ0. The flux quantization is a key idea behind a SQUID, which is one of the most sensitive magnetometers available. Flux quantization also plays an important...

In theoretical physics, the BRST formalism, or BRST quantization (where the BRST refers to the last names of Carlo Becchi, Alain Rouet, Raymond Stora...

in Physics (Swedish: Nobelpriset i fysik) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of physics. It...

orientations, so that the process of quantization does not pick out a preferred axis. For this reason, the name "space quantization" fell out of favor, and the...

Particle physics or high-energy physics is the study of fundamental particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation. The field also studies combinations...

theory in physics that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms.: 1.1  It is the foundation of all quantum physics, which includes...

variety of means. Methods for quantization are covered in the article on quantization. The main point to quantization is to be able to compute quantum...

experiment: quantization should not have been observable. At least five years would elapse before this mystery was resolved: quantization was observed...

between the two levels. The photoelectric effect further confirmed the quantization of light. In 1924, Louis de Broglie proposed that not only do light waves...

In theoretical physics, stochastic quantization is a method for modelling quantum mechanics, introduced by Edward Nelson in 1966, and streamlined by Parisi...

electrodynamics, i.e., the quantization of the electromagnetic field itself. Dirac's approach is also called second quantization or quantum field theory;...

Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and...

Landau quantization contributes to the magnetic susceptibility of metals, known as Landau diamagnetism. Under strong magnetic fields, Landau quantization leads...

Physics is a branch of science whose primary objects of study are matter and energy. Discoveries of physics find applications throughout the natural sciences...

the action is invariant and the quantization is also invariant. For simplicity we will assume that canonical quantization is used; the vacuum state is then...

stochastic quantization procedure p-adic quantum mechanics Renormalon Self-consistency principle in high energy physics Stochastic quantization Parisi awarded...