form of the modulation or message signal onto a carrier signal to be transmitted. For example, the message signal might be an audio signal representing...

amplitude modulation, the amplitude (signal strength) of the wave is varied in proportion to that of the message signal, such as an audio signal. This technique...

audio signal, by radio waves. A refinement of amplitude modulation, it uses transmitter power and bandwidth more efficiently. Amplitude modulation produces...

Phase modulation (PM) is a modulation pattern for conditioning communication signals for transmission. It encodes a message signal as variations in the...

Pulse-width modulation (PWM), also known as pulse-duration modulation (PDM) or pulse-length modulation (PLM), is any method of representing a signal as a rectangular...

radio broadcasting, signal processing, and computing. In analog frequency modulation, such as radio broadcasting, of an audio signal representing voice...

Delta-sigma (ΔΣ; or sigma-delta, ΣΔ) modulation is an oversampling method for encoding signals into low bit depth digital signals at a very high sample-frequency...

Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) is a form of signal modulation in which the message information is encoded in the amplitude of a pulse train interrupting...

modulation (analog PM) and phase-shift keying (digital PSK) can be regarded as a special case of QAM, where the amplitude of the transmitted signal is...

Delta modulation (DM, ΔM, or Δ-modulation) is an analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog signal conversion technique used for transmission of voice information...

Pulse-density modulation (PDM) is a form of modulation used to represent an analog signal with a binary signal. In a PDM signal, specific amplitude values...

Pulse-position modulation (PPM) is a form of signal modulation in which M message bits are encoded by transmitting a single pulse in one of 2 M {\displaystyle...

Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a method used to digitally represent analog signals. It is the standard form of digital audio in computers, compact discs...

self-oscillating modulation.) or discrete-time forms of modulation such as delta-sigma modulation. A simple means of creating the PWM signal is to use a high-speed...

the signal modulation from frequency-shift keying (FSK) to amplitude modulation (AM). In a facsimile transmitter, a device that changes the signal modulation...

Differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) is a signal encoder that uses the baseline of pulse-code modulation (PCM) but adds some functionalities based...

ring modulation is a signal processing function, an implementation of frequency mixing, in which two signals are combined to yield an output signal. One...

information bearing signal, called the message signal or modulation signal. The carrier frequency is usually much higher than the message signal frequency; this...

that the modulations in some signal can be treated separately from the carrier wave of the signal. This has extensive use in many radio and signal processing...

have a harmonic relationship to the original carrier signal. As the amount of frequency modulation increases, the sound grows progressively complex. Through...

and phase modulation (PM), and is based on altering the frequency or the phase, respectively, of a carrier signal to encode the message signal. This contrasts...

Energy may use a UART interface. There are several types of digital signal modulation methods commonly used in RF transmitter and receiver modules: ASK...

signal into vibrations in the crystal to create an image. A rapidly rotating polygonal mirror gives the laser beam the horizontal refresh modulation....

achieved by randomly varying the main parameters of the pulse-width modulation signal. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters have been widely used...

transform performs well in image processing, filter design, signal sampling, modulation, demodulation, speech processing, and biomedical engineering...

Stochastic Signal Density Modulation (SSDM) is a novel power modulation technique primarily used for LED power control. The information is encoded - or...

Hierarchical modulation, also called layered modulation, is one of the signal processing techniques for multiplexing and modulating multiple data streams...

where W is the bandwidth and k a {\displaystyle k_{a}} is modulation index Output signal-to-noise ratio (of AM receiver) is given by ( S N R ) O , A...

They are used in lasers for Q-switching, telecommunications for signal modulation, and in spectroscopy for frequency control. A piezoelectric transducer...

employing an instrument approach uses to land. The modulation depth of each 90 Hz and 150 Hz signal changes according to the deviation of the aircraft...