It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. Conceptually, the oxidation state may be positive, negative...

rusting of iron, the oxidation state of iron atoms increases as the iron converts to an oxide, and simultaneously, the oxidation state of oxygen decreases...

inorganic chemistry, oxidation state is a more clear indication of the electronic state of atoms in a molecule. The oxidation state of an atom in a molecule...

oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the Earth's crust consists of oxides. Even materials considered pure elements often develop an oxide coating....

The lowest oxidation states are exhibited in metal carbonyl complexes such as Cr(CO) 6 (oxidation state zero) and [Fe(CO) 4]2− (oxidation state −2) in which...

higher oxidation states, but the +2 oxidation state becomes more stable for the late transition metal groups. The highest formal oxidation state thus increases...

an oxidizer is any substance that oxidizes another substance. The oxidation state, which describes the degree of loss of electrons, of the oxidizer decreases...

(the last three actually feature nitrogen in the −3 oxidation state). Phosphorus forms a +III oxide which is stable at room temperature, phosphorous acid...

In most iron compounds, the metal has an oxidation state of +2 or +3. Ferric acid, with an oxidation state of +6, is extremely unstable and does not...

Mantle oxidation state (redox state) applies the concept of oxidation state in chemistry to the study of the Earth's mantle. The chemical concept of oxidation...

reduction-oxidation. It refers to electrochemical processes involving electron transfer to or from a molecule or ion, changing its oxidation state. This reaction...

known oxidation state can be achieved in a fluoride. For some elements this is achieved exclusively in a fluoride, for others exclusively in an oxide; and...

oxidation is gain of oxygen and/or loss of hydrogen. Simple functional groups can be arranged in order of increasing oxidation state. The oxidation numbers...

concept of oxidation states constitutes a competing method to assess the distribution of electrons in molecules. If the formal charges and oxidation states...

terms of their oxidation states. An agent's oxidation state describes its degree of loss of electrons, where the higher the oxidation state then the fewer...

the oxygen atom is 71% for the σ-bond and 77% for both π-bonds. The oxidation state of carbon in carbon monoxide is +2 in each of these structures. It...

5H2O. CeO2 is used as an oxidation catalyst in catalytic converters. Praseodymium and terbium form non-stoichiometric oxides containing LnIV, although...

by the change in oxidation state of manganese from +7 to +6. The oxide ligands do not change in oxidation state, remaining −2. Oxide is an innocent ligand...

hydrogen increases with a higher oxidation state. This explains the observed increased acidity with an increasing oxidation state in the oxoacids of chlorine...

not imply that the corresponding oxidation state will exist. For example, fluorine is not known in oxidation state +7; and although the maximum known...

recovered as a solid precipitate. Less common oxidation states of gold include −1, +2, and +5. The −1 oxidation state occurs in aurides, compounds containing...

terbium(III,IV) oxide: 8 Tb + 7 O2 → 2 Tb4O7 The most common oxidation state of terbium is +3 (trivalent), such as in TbCl 3. In the solid state, tetravalent...

oxidation state(s) of the phosphorus atom(s), which may vary from +1 to +5. The oxygen atoms are usually in oxidation state −2, but may be in state −1...

a natural bismuth antimonate, in which bismuth has oxidation state +3, and antimony oxidation state +5. Kyawthuite is monoclinic, with space group I2/c...

transform into the +5 oxidation state. Following the catalytic reaction, almost all Sb ions revert from the +5 to the +3 oxidation state. A significant change...

recovered as a solid precipitate. Less common oxidation states of gold include −1, +2, and +5. The −1 oxidation state occurs in aurides, compounds containing...

three series of binary phosphorus halides, containing phosphorus in the oxidation states +5, +3 and +2. All compounds have been described, in varying degrees...

of a number of different oxidation states of a particular substance. The graph illustrates the free energy vs oxidation state of a chemical species. This...

and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has...

characterised by one main oxidation state, and the p-block elements, when they have multiple oxidation states, often have common oxidation states separated by...