Political polarization is the bimodal distribution, meaning that two obvious peaks of opinion in the political sense. It can be observed through people's...

Political violence in Turkey became a serious problem in the late 1970s and was even described as a "low-level civil war". The death squads of Turkish...

and other important incidents that generated the radical political polarization of Turkish society afterwards. Yasemin and Ahmet's fathers, Rıza and...

Thailand, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Political divisions between urban and rural areas have been noted by political scientists...

practiced religion in Turkey. Most Turkish Sunni Muslims belong to the Hanafi school of jurisprudence. The established presence of Islam in the region that...

the Presidency denies a signature from the project is the political polarization in Turkey. In recent years, Istanbul at large and the districts that the...

In social psychology, group polarization refers to the tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its...

received criticism as worsening political polarization and undermining democracy. Major news outlets often have strong controls in place to avoid and fix false...

with intentionally adversarial social narratives meant to provoke political polarization among the mainstream of society over economic matters, such as those...

about Turkey in 2012, noting an increased polarization between secular and religious groups in Turkish society and politics. Critics argue that Turkish public...

provided the conditions for democratic backsliding (alone or in combination): Political polarization, racism and nativism, economic inequality, and excessive...

one leads to conflict, polarization in elections, distrust in government, and racial and political divisions. Many political conspiracy theories begin...

(RPP; Turkish: Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi [dʒumhuːɾiˈjet haɫk 'paɾtisi] , CHP [dʒeːheːpeˑ]) is a Kemalist and social democratic political party in Turkey. It...

news organizations party political figures or policy issues. Bias emerges in a political context when individuals engage in an inability or an unwillingness...

California Institute of Technology in the middle of his freshman year as a result of political violence in Turkey. He started graduate studies at Massachusetts...

more investment within the region, softening political tensions and polarization. The US invaded Iraq in order to take down Saddam Hussein and dissolve...

In political science, a multi-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and...

years of social polarization in the country. In foreign policy, diplomatic relations between France and the Vatican were broken off in 1904. They were...

anti-immigration, nationalism, and sovereignty – use populism and political polarization, with in-group and out-group practices. The primary economic ideology...

money in politics and gerrymandering), attempts at election subversion, the concentration of political power, and a growing interest in political violence...

governments in 1977 and 1978–1979 which were marked by increasing polarization, deadlock, and political violence that ended with the 1980 coup. Following the coup...

plagued Turkey. An economic recession late in that decade sparked a wave of social unrest marked by street demonstrations, labour strikes and political assassinations...

prevalent feature of culture and politics in Turkey. Conspiracism is an important phenomenon in understanding Turkish politics. This is explained by a desire...

increasing distrust in the CUP's political agenda, the fallout of the Italo-Turkish War, and rising political polarization. In late 1911, anti-CUP opposition...

a political moderate, he continuously criticized the political extremism that fueled the violent polarization at the time before the 1971 Turkish military...

The multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye'de çok partili dönem) started in 1945. After President Mustafa Kemal Atatürk asked...

operate in a climate of increasing self-censorship and media polarization. In 2012 and 2013 the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) ranked Turkey as the...

and co-responsibility of all the faithful could address the polarization in the church. In May 2023, Prevost said that episcopal leadership should prioritize...

Chambers: Selective Exposure and Confirmation Bias in Media Use, and its Consequences for Political Polarization, Gothenburg: University of Gothenburg, ISBN 978-91-88212-95-5...

and/or the structure of powers within a government. In the fields of political science and political history, this is often referred to as a critical election...