The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a closed system at thermodynamic equilibrium approaches a constant value when its temperature...

The laws of thermodynamics are a set of scientific laws which define a group of physical quantities, such as temperature, energy, and entropy, that characterize...

law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal empirical observation concerning heat and energy interconversions. A simple statement of the...

The first law of thermodynamics is a formulation of the law of conservation of energy in the context of thermodynamic processes. The law distinguishes...

The zeroth law of thermodynamics is one of the four principal laws of thermodynamics. It provides an independent definition of temperature without reference...

the physical properties of matter and radiation. The behavior of these quantities is governed by the four laws of thermodynamics, which convey a quantitative...

independent on the choice of δE. An important result, known as Nernst's theorem or the third law of thermodynamics, states that the entropy of a system at zero...

physics, black hole thermodynamics is the area of study that seeks to reconcile the laws of thermodynamics with the existence of black hole event horizons...

Quantum thermodynamics is the study of the relations between two independent physical theories: thermodynamics and quantum mechanics. The two independent...

very closely but not actually reached, as recognized in the third law of thermodynamics. It would be impossible to extract energy as heat from a body...

The history of thermodynamics is a fundamental strand in the history of physics, the history of chemistry, and the history of science in general. Owing...

Third law may refer to: Newton's third law of motion, one of Newton's laws of motion Third law of thermodynamics Kepler's Third law of planetary motion...

of S at room temperature. The entropy of a pure crystalline structure can be 0 J⋅mol−1⋅K−1 only at 0 K, according to the third law of thermodynamics....

in the twentieth century and was used in the development of the third law of thermodynamics. The Nernst heat theorem says that as absolute zero is approached...

Newton's laws of motion are three physical laws that describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it. These laws, which...

formulation of the Nernst heat theorem helped pave the way for the third law of thermodynamics, for which he won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is also...

transmission of information in telecommunication. Entropy is central to the second law of thermodynamics, which states that the entropy of an isolated...

imperfections as T → 0. Max Planck's strong form of the third law of thermodynamics states the entropy of a perfect crystal vanishes at absolute zero. The...

output. There are seemingly two independent formulations of the third law of thermodynamics both originally were stated by Walther Nernst. The first formulation...

of crystallographic defects. The hypothetical concept of a perfect crystal is important in the basic formulation of the third law of thermodynamics....

resource theory for thermodynamics on the nano and quantum scale. In 2017, Oppenheim and Lluis Masanes derived the third law of thermodynamics using quantum...

A timeline of events in the history of thermodynamics. 1593 – Galileo Galilei invents one of the first thermoscopes, also known as Galileo thermometer...

This kind of machine is impossible, since its existence would violate the first and/or second laws of thermodynamics. These laws of thermodynamics apply regardless...

energy. The definition of entropy is central to the establishment of the second law of thermodynamics, which states that the entropy of isolated systems cannot...

In thermodynamics, the specific heat capacity (symbol c) of a substance is the amount of heat that must be added to one unit of mass of the substance in...

ground state and commutes with the Hamiltonian of the system. According to the third law of thermodynamics, a system at absolute zero temperature exists...

temperature of the system approaches zero, since both heat capacities must generally approach zero in accordance with the Third Law of Thermodynamics, the difference...

parody of the laws of thermodynamics in terms of a person playing a game. The quote was first attributed to the poet Allen Ginsberg in a 1975 issue of the...

large number of degrees of freedom. Thermodynamics – the branch of physical science concerned with heat and its relation to other forms of energy and work...

to the third law of thermodynamics. In the above "ideal" development, there is a critical point, not at absolute zero, at which the argument of the logarithm...