rotational axis. Prograde or direct motion is more normal motion in the same direction as the primary rotates. However, "retrograde" and "prograde" can also...

vantage point. Direct motion or prograde motion is motion in the same direction as other bodies. While the terms direct and prograde are equivalent in this...

Prograde can refer to: Retrograde and prograde motion, in astronomy, a type of motion of astronomical bodies Metamorphism#Prograde and retrograde, in...

A distant retrograde orbit (DRO), as most commonly conceived, is a spacecraft orbit around a moon that is highly stable because of its interactions with...

the normal orbit is prograde, an orbit in the same direction as the planet rotates. Inclinations greater than 90° describe retrograde orbits (backward)...

plane of reference. The orbital inclination is 0° for prograde orbits, and π (180°) for retrograde ones.[citation needed] If the plane of reference is a...

center of mass. While nominally a mean, and theoretically so in the case of two-body motion, in practice the mean motion is not typically an average over time...

east to west along its ground track, in what is called "apparent retrograde" motion. This effect occurs because the satellite orbits more slowly than...

In astronomy, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, published by Johannes Kepler in 1609 (except the third law, which was fully published in 1619), describe...

first order). A prograde or retrograde impulse (i.e. an impulse applied along the orbital motion) changes both the eccentricity and the orbital period...

than a point gravitational source, resulting in a non-closed orbit. A prograde relativistic shift happens because of relativistic effects from a massive...

outer irregular satellites whose prograde and retrograde orbits are much farther from Jupiter and have high inclinations and eccentricities. The largest of...

is equatorial (in the same plane as the equator of Mars), circular, and prograde (rotating about Mars's axis in the same direction as the planet's surface)...

orbit (LEO) and below a high Earth orbit (HEO) – between 2,000 and 35,786 km (1,243 and 22,236 mi) above sea level. The boundary between MEO and LEO is an...

life to reduce the probability of colliding with operational spacecraft and generating space debris. A graveyard orbit is used when the change in velocity...

orbit with the eccentricity equal to 1 and is an unbound orbit that is exactly on the border between elliptical and hyperbolic. When moving away from the...

and celestial mechanics to rockets, satellites, and other spacecraft. The motion of these objects is usually calculated from Newton's laws of motion and...

Earth). By convention, the inclination of a Prograde orbit is specified as an angle less than 90°. Retrograde orbit: An orbit counter to the direction of...

{GMm}{r^{2}}}={\frac {\mu m}{r^{2}}}} Thus only the product of G and M is needed to predict the motion of the smaller body. Conversely, measurements of the smaller...

low Earth orbit, compared to the retrograde burn applied near the Moon in the traditional trans-lunar injection, and allow for a doubling of payload....

discovery was made with the help of radial velocity measurements that showed retrograde apsidal precession of the brown dwarf pair, which could not be explained...

to the size of the orbit). As seen from Earth, the planet's orbital prograde motion makes the Sun appear to move with respect to other stars at a rate...

used reference planes and origins of longitude include: For geocentric orbits, Earth's equatorial plane as the reference plane, and the First Point of Aries...

inclination, allow rapid revisit times over low-latitude locations on Earth. Prograde equatorial LEOs also have lower delta-v launch requirements because they...

400 km (250 mi), and is of increasing commercial importance in a variety of scenarios and for multiple applications, in both private and government satellite...

are apogee and perigee. For the Sun, the suffix is -helion, so the names are aphelion and perihelion. According to Newton's laws of motion, all periodic...

astronomers are eclipses, apparent retrograde motion/planetary stations, planetary ingresses, sidereal time, positions for the mean and true nodes of the moon, the...

inclination, e {\displaystyle e} is the eccentricity, n {\displaystyle n} is mean motion in degrees per day, J 2 {\displaystyle J_{2}} is the perturbing factor,...

much farther from Neptune and at high inclination: three of these have prograde orbits, while the remainder have retrograde orbits. In particular, Nereid...

Jyotish Kepler's laws of planetary motion Occultation Parallax Retrograde and prograde motion Sidereal time Solstice Robin M. Green, Spherical Astronomy,...