Natural computing, also called natural computation, is a terminology introduced to encompass three classes of methods: 1) those that take inspiration from...

science, bio-inspired computing relates to artificial intelligence and machine learning. Bio-inspired computing is a major subset of natural computation. Early...

"Natural Computing refers to computational processes observed in nature, and human-designed computing inspired by nature ... molecular computing and...

Optical computing or photonic computing uses light waves produced by lasers or incoherent sources for data processing, data storage or data communication...

of information in quantum computing, the qubit (or "quantum bit"), serves the same function as the bit in classical computing. However, unlike a classical...

Unconventional computing (also known as alternative computing or nonstandard computation) is computing by any of a wide range of new or unusual methods...

Mutation, and Recombination". Introduction to Evolutionary Computing. Natural Computing Series. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 49–78. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44874-8...

Formal Aspects of Computing Journal of the ACM SIAM Journal on Computing (SICOMP) SIGACT News Theoretical Computer Science Theory of Computing Systems TheoretiCS...

DNA computing is an emerging branch of unconventional computing which uses DNA, biochemistry, and molecular biology hardware, instead of the traditional...

Unconventional computing Universal Darwinism Eiben, A. E.; Smith, J. E. (2015), Evolutionary Computing: The Origins, Natural Computing Series, Berlin...

In computability theory, a set of natural numbers is computable (or decidable or recursive) if there is an algorithm that computes the membership of every...

Is an Evolutionary Algorithm?". Introduction to Evolutionary Computing. Natural Computing Series. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 25–48. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44874-8...

Grammars and Computing by Graph Transformation", "Handbook of Membrane Computing" (Oxford University Press), and the "Handbook of Natural Computing" (4 volumes...

Eiben, A.E.; Smith, J.E. (2015). Introduction to Evolutionary Computing. Natural Computing Series. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44874-8...

concert to perform very large tasks. Fog computing – Distributed computing paradigm that provides data, compute, storage and application services closer...

"Components of Evolutionary Algorithms". Introduction to Evolutionary Computing. Natural Computing Series. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 28–34. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44874-8...

(Mutation and Recombination)". Introduction to Evolutionary Computing. Natural Computing Series. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 31–32. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44874-8...

Okazaki has also designed robots for studies into topics such as natural computing and perception. Dunning, Jennifer (January 20, 2007). "They May Be...

Computing is any goal-oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic...

Anticipation and Rationality in Natural and Artificial Systems: Computational Paradigms Mimicking Nature" Natural Computing, December, 2009. Vol. 8(4), pp...

Eiben, A.E.; Smith, J.E. (2015). Introduction to Evolutionary Computing. Natural Computing Series. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. p. 40. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-44874-8...

History of Quantum Computing". Written at University of Turku. In Rozenberg, G.; Eiben, A.E. (eds.). Quantum Computing. NATURAL COMPUTING SERIES (2 ed.)....

with Evolutionary Algorithms". Introduction to Evolutionary Computing. Natural Computing Series (2nd ed.). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg...

account of this work appears in Dennis Shasha and Cathy Lazare's Natural Computing. Skiena played a role in the conception of the Apple iPad. In 1988...

ISBN 978-3319314853. Akiba, Fuminori (2013). "Preface: Natural Computing and Computational Aesthetics". Natural Computing and Beyond. Proceedings in Information and...

and databases. In the early days of computing, a number of terms for the practitioners of the field of computing were suggested (albeit facetiously) in...

particle swarm optimization. Part I: background and development". Natural Computing. 6 (4): 467–484. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.605.5879. doi:10.1007/s11047-007-9049-5...

psychology (information processing theory), computer science (natural computing, bio-inspired computing), among others disciplines. Neuroinformatics doesn't deal...

traditional hard-computing algorithms heavily rely on concrete data and mathematical models to produce solutions to problems. Soft computing was coined in...

computational complexity theory on the set of computable functions. In computational complexity theory, the problem of computing the value of a function is known as...