special relativity, an inertial frame of reference (also called an inertial space or a Galilean reference frame) is a frame of reference in which objects exhibit...

A non-inertial reference frame (also known as an accelerated reference frame) is a frame of reference that undergoes acceleration with respect to an inertial...

two types of observational reference frame: inertial and non-inertial. An inertial frame of reference is defined as one in which all laws of physics take...

A rotating frame of reference is a special case of a non-inertial reference frame that is rotating relative to an inertial reference frame. An everyday...

mechanics (also called an "inertial" or "pseudo" force) that appears to act on all objects when viewed in a rotating frame of reference. It appears to be directed...

particle accelerator. Breit frame Center-of-mass frame Frame bundle Inertial frame of reference Local coordinates Local spacetime structure Lorentz covariance...

inertial force or pseudo-force, is a force that appears to act on an object when its motion is described or experienced from a non-inertial frame of reference...

practical matter, inertial frames often are taken as frames moving uniformly with respect to the fixed stars. See Inertial frame of reference for more discussion...

derivative term. Consider a stationary inertial frame of reference K {\textstyle K}  , and a non-inertial frame of reference K ′ {\textstyle K'} , which is translating...

principle of relativity to inertial motion, physics is the same in all inertial frames, and is even the same in all frames under the principle of general...

Newton's laws are true. An inertial frame is a reference frame in relative uniform motion to absolute space. All inertial frames share a universal time...

any inertial frame of reference, light is always propagated in empty space with a definite velocity c that is independent of the state of motion of the...

An inertial navigation system (INS; also inertial guidance system, inertial instrument) is a navigation device that uses motion sensors (accelerometers)...

to an inertial reference frame, performing the necessary calculations therein, and using another to return to the non-inertial reference frame. In most...

within a frame of reference that rotates with respect to an inertial frame. In a reference frame with clockwise rotation, the force acts to the left of the...

velocity, in an inertial frame of reference) and travels in a straight line at increasing speeds, it is accelerating in the direction of travel. If the...

An inertial reference unit (IRU) is a type of inertial sensor which uses gyroscopes (electromechanical, ring laser gyro or MEMS) and accelerometers (electromechanical...

respect to a coordinate frame whose origin coincides with the body's center of mass for τ(torque) and an inertial frame of reference for F(force), they can...

postulated that the speed of light c with respect to any inertial frame of reference is a constant and is independent of the motion of the light source. He...

of the applied torques, Ik are the principal moments of inertia and ωk are the components of the angular velocity. In an inertial frame of reference (subscripted...

which are considered to be at rest (a inertial frame of reference such as, for instance, a point fixed on the floor of the train station and the usual vertical...

computed with respect to a fixed inertial frame or a frame parallel to the inertial frame but fixed on the center of mass. For rigid bodies translating...

to an observer who is in free fall (that is, relative to an inertial frame of reference). Proper acceleration is different from coordinate acceleration...

on it. Momentum depends on the frame of reference, but in any inertial frame of reference, it is a conserved quantity, meaning that if a closed system...

points of application. The following table shows the analogy in derived SI units: Angular motion Centripetal force Inertial frame of reference Linear...

is independent of the reference frame. The total kinetic energy of a system depends on the inertial frame of reference: it is the sum of the total kinetic...

to follow the center of mass of a body, such as the heliocentric and the geocentric reference frames. The choice of reference frame gives rise to many phenomena...

direction of rotation is determined by an inertial frame of reference, such as distant fixed stars. In the Solar System, the orbits around the Sun of all planets...

interferometry while the Gaia-CRF is an inertial barycentric reference frame defined by optically measured positions of extragalactic sources by the Gaia satellite...

a particular inertial reference frame need not be judged as simultaneous by a second observer in a different inertial frame of reference. According to...