system, the quantum number is said to be "good", and acts as a constant of motion in the quantum dynamics. In the era of the old quantum theory, starting...

In quantum mechanics, the azimuthal quantum number ℓ is a quantum number for an atomic orbital that determines its orbital angular momentum and describes...

In physics and chemistry, the spin quantum number is a quantum number (designated s) that describes the intrinsic angular momentum (or spin angular momentum...

In quantum mechanics, the principal quantum number (n) of an electron in an atom indicates which electron shell or energy level it is in. Its values are...

In atomic physics, a magnetic quantum number is a quantum number used to distinguish quantum states of an electron or other particle according to its angular...

In physics, a topological quantum number (also called topological charge) is any quantity, in a physical theory, that takes on only one of a discrete set...

In quantum mechanics, the eigenvalue q {\displaystyle q} of an observable O {\displaystyle O} is said to be a good quantum number if the observable O {\displaystyle...

Charm (symbol C) is a flavour quantum number representing the difference between the number of charm quarks (c) and charm antiquarks (c) that are present...

In quantum mechanics, the total angular momentum quantum number parametrises the total angular momentum of a given particle, by combining its orbital angular...

In quantum field theory, multiplicative quantum numbers are conserved quantum numbers of a special kind. A given quantum number q is said to be additive...

Due to their quantum description, flavour states may also undergo quantum superposition. In atomic physics the principal quantum number of an electron...

of quantum mechanics is a fundamental part of the history of modern physics. The major chapters of this history begin with the emergence of quantum ideas...

In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that embodies the knowledge of a quantum system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction...

A quantum computer is a computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena. On small scales, physical matter exhibits properties of both particles and...

effect, involving a beam splitter, other quantum phenomena, and even the nuclear decay. While "classical" (non-quantum) phenomena are not truly random, an...

Quantum machine learning is the integration of quantum algorithms within machine learning programs. The most common use of the term refers to machine learning...

quantum number that can take values of 0, 1, 2, ... In molecular spectroscopy where several types of molecular energy are studied and several quantum...

The old quantum theory is a collection of results from the years 1900–1925, which predate modern quantum mechanics. The theory was never complete or self-consistent...

four of their quantum numbers, which are: n, the principal quantum number; ℓ, the azimuthal quantum number; mℓ, the magnetic quantum number; and ms, the...

Quantum decoherence is the loss of quantum coherence. It involves generally a loss of information of a system to its environment. Quantum decoherence...

Quantum mechanics is the study of matter and its interactions with energy on the scale of atomic and subatomic particles. By contrast, classical physics...

In physics, a quantum (pl.: quanta) is the minimum amount of any physical entity (physical property) involved in an interaction. The fundamental notion...

The quantum harmonic oscillator is the quantum-mechanical analog of the classical harmonic oscillator. Because an arbitrary smooth potential can usually...

interpretation of quantum mechanics is an attempt to explain how the mathematical theory of quantum mechanics might correspond to experienced reality. Quantum mechanics...

projected along a chosen axis (magnetic quantum number). The orbitals with a well-defined magnetic quantum number are generally complex-valued. Real-valued...

Quantum information science is a field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics with information theory to study the processing, analysis, and...

Quantum superposition is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that states that linear combinations of solutions to the Schrödinger equation are...

In quantum physics, a wave function (or wavefunction) is a mathematical description of the quantum state of an isolated quantum system. The most common...

Shor's algorithm is a quantum algorithm for finding the prime factors of an integer. It was developed in 1994 by the American mathematician Peter Shor...

a spin quantum number.: 183–184  The SI units of spin are the same as classical angular momentum (i.e., N·m·s, J·s, or kg·m2·s−1). In quantum mechanics...