measure theory, an atom is a measurable set that has positive measure and contains no set of smaller positive measures. A measure that has no atoms is...

Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms. The definition of the word "atom" has changed over the years...

Atoms are the basic particles of the chemical elements. An atom consists of a nucleus of protons and generally neutrons, surrounded by an electromagnetically...

u<X(\omega )\leq v.} Atom (measure theory) – A measurable set with positive measure that contains no subset of smaller positive measure Complementary event –...

electrons. Atom(s) may also refer to: Atom (time), a medieval unit of time Atom (measure theory), a minimal measurable set Atom (order theory) Atomic formula...

century) and others, developed distinctive theories of atomism, for example, involving momentary (instantaneous) atoms (kalapas) that flash in and out of existence...

the hydrogen atom, compared to the valence shell model. As a theory, it can be derived as a first-order approximation of the hydrogen atom using the broader...

beam equation again results in piecewise polynomial deflection. Atom (measure theory) Degenerate distribution Laplacian of the indicator Uncertainty principle...

the full power set. Atom (measure theory) – A measurable set with positive measure that contains no subset of smaller positive measure Pairwise independent...

valence bond theory cannot explain. In molecular orbital theory, electrons in a molecule are not assigned to individual chemical bonds between atoms, but are...

dark energy, called phantom dark energy theories, suggest that ultimately galaxy clusters, stars, planets, atoms, nuclei, and matter itself will be torn...

measure-preserving dynamical system is an object of study in the abstract formulation of dynamical systems, and ergodic theory in particular. Measure-preserving...

lattice is regular. Ri is the position coordinate of the ith atom, which we now measure from its equilibrium position. The sum over nearest neighbors...

A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral hydrogen atom contains a single positively charged proton in the...

it. The discovery of this pattern led Dalton to develop the modern theory of atoms, as it suggested that the elements combine with each other in multiples...

showed that this apparatus could be used to measure nuclear spin whenever the electronic configuration of the atom was known. The concept was applied by Rabi...

learned that every atom has a nucleus where all of its positive charge and most of its mass is concentrated. They deduced this after measuring how an alpha...

atom induce a corresponding redistribution of electrons in other atoms, such that the electron motions become correlated. While the detailed theory requires...

space X. We can also say that the measure is a single atom at x; however, treating the Dirac measure as an atomic measure is not correct when we consider...

spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules...

A Rydberg atom is an excited atom with one or more electrons that have a very high principal quantum number, n. The higher the value of n, the farther...

In quantum mechanics, an excited state of a system (such as an atom, molecule or nucleus) is any quantum state of the system that has a higher energy than...

In probability theory, a random measure is a measure-valued random element. Random measures are for example used in the theory of random processes, where...

physical theory that describes the behavior of matter and of light; its unusual characteristics typically occur at and below the scale of atoms.: 1.1  It...

lasers while the source emits matter waves (the atoms) rather than light. Atom interferometers measure the difference in phase between atomic matter waves...

gases. The successes of kinetic theory gave further credence to the idea that matter is composed of atoms, yet the theory also had shortcomings that would...

the topological and quantum definitions of an atom in a molecule". Theoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling. 105 (4–5): 276–283...

founded on the formal definitions of measure theory and dynamical systems, and rather specifically on the notion of a measure-preserving dynamical system. The...

the hydrogen atom, and three of the four known fundamental forces in the universe, may be modelled by symmetry groups. Thus group theory and the closely...

Because a dalton, a unit commonly used to measure atomic mass, is exactly 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom, this definition of the mole entailed that...