• Calcium chloride (CaCl2) transformation is a laboratory technique in prokaryotic (bacterial) cell biology. The addition of calcium chloride to a cell...
    13 KB (1,564 words) - 22:46, 22 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Calcium chloride
    Calcium chloride is an inorganic compound, a salt with the chemical formula CaCl2. It is a white crystalline solid at room temperature, and it is highly...
    53 KB (4,585 words) - 02:34, 20 June 2025
  • competent and often used with calcium chloride transformation to insert the desired plasmid. A study of four transformation methods and six bacteria strains...
    2 KB (260 words) - 07:58, 13 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Genetic transformation
    in 2000 molecules of the plasmid used being transformed. In calcium chloride transformation, the cells are prepared by chilling cells in the presence of...
    55 KB (6,818 words) - 22:30, 1 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Lanthanum(III) chloride
    powdered rock samples. Lanthanum chloride also contributes to environmental remediation by promoting- the catalytic transformation of pollutants, such as nitrogen...
    8 KB (616 words) - 06:21, 18 June 2025
  • aluminium chloride, aluminium sulfate and combinations of these. The products can contain byproduct salts, such as sodium/calcium/magnesium chloride or sulfate...
    8 KB (885 words) - 19:55, 29 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Calcium carbonate
    diffuses into the aqueous solution of calcium chloride, reacts with the calcium ions and the water, and forms calcium carbonate. The thermodynamically stable...
    80 KB (7,594 words) - 22:46, 23 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Gypsum
    strongly dependent on sodium chloride (common table salt) concentration. The structure of gypsum consists of layers of calcium (Ca2+) and sulfate (SO2−4)...
    43 KB (4,188 words) - 11:30, 23 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Chlorine
    large quantities of so-called chloride of lime were used to disinfect the capital. This was not simply modern calcium chloride, but chlorine gas dissolved...
    117 KB (13,095 words) - 22:59, 8 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Caesium chloride
    Caesium chloride or cesium chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula CsCl. This colorless salt is an important source of caesium ions in a variety...
    39 KB (3,427 words) - 04:44, 19 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Concrete degradation
    reinforced. Chlorides, particularly calcium chloride, have been used to shorten the setting time of concrete. However, calcium chloride and (to a lesser...
    62 KB (7,748 words) - 19:47, 3 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Amorphous calcium carbonate
    monohydrocalcite and ikaite. When mixing two supersaturated solutions of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate (or sodium bicarbonates) these polymorphs will...
    23 KB (2,512 words) - 02:26, 18 June 2025
  • acid to remove the chloride ions. Ultimately, it is uncertain if lactic acid reduces fatigue through increased intracellular calcium or increases fatigue...
    21 KB (2,521 words) - 09:48, 18 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Anhydrite
    Anhydrite (category Calcium minerals)
    gypsum, (CaSO4·2H2O) by the absorption of water. This transformation is reversible, with gypsum or calcium sulfate hemihydrate forming anhydrite by heating...
    10 KB (868 words) - 09:33, 2 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Gene delivery
    containing divalent cations (often calcium chloride) under cold conditions, before being exposed to a heat pulse. Calcium chloride partially disrupts the cell...
    25 KB (2,878 words) - 19:30, 14 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for Piper diagram
    of the cation plot are calcium, magnesium and sodium plus potassium cations. The apexes of the anion plot are sulfate, chloride and carbonate plus hydrogen...
    6 KB (553 words) - 02:53, 23 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
    slightly water-soluble solid is widely used to bind to iron (Fe2+/Fe3+) and calcium ions (Ca2+), forming water-soluble complexes even at neutral pH. It is...
    43 KB (4,464 words) - 17:22, 10 June 2025
  • treated in such a way to make them competent, usually by treatment with calcium chloride, which make them more permeable. Bacterial conjugation is the transfer...
    5 KB (625 words) - 14:30, 13 September 2022
  • Thumbnail for Wacker process
    acetaldehyde in the presence of catalytic, aqueous palladium(II) chloride and copper(II) chloride. The Tsuji-Wacker oxidation refers to a family of reactions...
    29 KB (3,546 words) - 22:50, 1 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Chiral auxiliary
    n-butyllithium and quench with an acyl chloride. Acylation of a chiral oxazolidinone with propanoyl chloride Deprotonation at the α-carbon of an oxazolidinone...
    34 KB (3,726 words) - 10:21, 15 March 2025
  • Thumbnail for Acid
    can turn blue litmus red, and react with bases and certain metals (like calcium) to form salts. The word acid is derived from the Latin acidus, meaning...
    47 KB (5,960 words) - 15:34, 29 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Neutralization (chemistry)
    this transformation to occur. Another common use, though perhaps not as widely known, is in fertilizers and control of soil pH. Slaked lime (calcium hydroxide)...
    17 KB (2,128 words) - 01:06, 10 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Homeostasis
    pH of extracellular fluid, the concentrations of sodium, potassium, and calcium ions, as well as the blood sugar level, and these need to be regulated...
    86 KB (10,312 words) - 17:13, 7 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Zirconium dioxide
    temperatures, as is usually the case. A small percentage of the oxides of calcium or yttrium stabilize in the cubic phase. The very rare mineral tazheranite...
    23 KB (2,305 words) - 16:17, 15 May 2025
  • a calcium chloride solution containing the DNA to be transfected. When the two are combined, a fine precipitate of the positively charged calcium and...
    34 KB (4,131 words) - 09:48, 4 June 2025
  • main group element centered molecules (e.g., low valent main group metal calcium, dicoordinate borylene, boron radical, carbene, etc.). Dinitrogen fixation...
    12 KB (1,355 words) - 22:27, 22 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Plant nutrition
    medium: The macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), magnesium (Mg), carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O)...
    58 KB (7,426 words) - 12:15, 9 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Methylene blue
    Methylthioninium chloride, commonly called methylene blue, is a salt used as a dye and as a medication. As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia...
    59 KB (6,180 words) - 10:26, 6 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Anion-conducting channelrhodopsin
    Deisseroth, Karl (2014-04-25). "Structure-Guided Transformation of Channelrhodopsin into a Light-Activated Chloride Channel". Science. 344 (6182): 420–424. Bibcode:2014Sci...
    19 KB (1,706 words) - 22:23, 16 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Benzophenone
    of benzene with benzoyl chloride in the presence of a Lewis acid (e.g. aluminium chloride) catalyst: since benzoyl chloride can itself be produced by...
    19 KB (1,589 words) - 16:15, 23 June 2025