In logic, a finite-valued logic (also finitely many-valued logic) is a propositional calculus in which truth values are discrete. Traditionally, in Aristotle's...

three-valued logic (trivalent logic) allows for an additional possible truth value (i.e., "undecided") and is an example of finite-valued logic in which...

finite-valued (finitely-many valued) with more than three values, and the infinite-valued (infinitely-many-valued), such as fuzzy logic and probability logic. It...

Łukasiewicz as a three-valued modal logic; it was later generalized to n-valued (for all finite n) as well as infinitely-many-valued (ℵ0-valued) variants, both...

In logic, a three-valued logic (also trinary logic, trivalent, ternary, or trilean, sometimes abbreviated 3VL) is any of several many-valued logic systems...

intuitionistic logic has no interpretation as a two-valued logic, nor even as a finite-valued logic, in the familiar sense. Although intuitionistic logic retains...

usually a first-order logic together with a specified domain of discourse (over which the quantified variables range), finitely many functions from that...

In logic, a true/false decision problem is decidable if there exists an effective method for deriving the correct answer. Zeroth-order logic (propositional...

In digital circuits, a logic level is one of a finite number of states that a digital signal can inhabit. Logic levels are usually represented by the voltage...

A finite-state machine (FSM) or finite-state automaton (FSA, plural: automata), finite automaton, or simply a state machine, is a mathematical model of...

In mathematical logic, a formula is satisfiable if it is true under some assignment of values to its variables. For example, the formula x + 3 = y {\displaystyle...

{\displaystyle 1{\dot {-}}|x-y|=0} . Elementary recursive arithmetic Finite-valued logic Heyting arithmetic Peano arithmetic Primitive recursive function...

may consult the articles on "Many-valued logic", "Three-valued logic", "Finite-valued logic", and "Infinite-valued logic". For a given language L {\displaystyle...

exactly one truth value, either true or false. A logic satisfying this principle is called a two-valued logic or bivalent logic. In formal logic, the principle...

arithmetic. Early logic systems includes Indian logic of Pāṇini, syllogistic logic of Aristotle, propositional logic of Stoicism, and Chinese logic of Gongsun...

In mathematics and logic, an operation is finitary if it has finite arity, i.e. if it has a finite number of input values. Similarly, an infinitary operation...

In logic and mathematics, second-order logic is an extension of first-order logic, which itself is an extension of propositional logic. Second-order logic...

mathematical logic, a Gödel logic, sometimes referred to as Dummett logic or Gödel–Dummett logic, is a member of a family of finite- or infinite-valued logics in...

Finite model theory is a subarea of model theory. Model theory is the branch of logic which deals with the relation between a formal language (syntax)...

In mathematical logic, a tautology (from Ancient Greek: ταυτολογία) is a formula that is true regardless of the interpretation of its component terms...

truth values, see the Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov interpretation and Intuitionistic logic § Semantics. Multi-valued logics (such as fuzzy logic and relevance...

Set theory is the branch of mathematical logic that studies sets, which can be informally described as collections of objects. Although objects of any...

lines, other geometric shapes, variables, or other sets. A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set;...

state (memory) while combinational logic does not. Sequential logic is used to construct finite-state machines, a basic building block in all digital circuitry...

In mathematical logic, the compactness theorem states that a set of first-order sentences has a model if and only if every finite subset of it has a model...

data as a sequence of discrete values; at any given time it can only take on, at most, one of a finite number of values. This contrasts with an analog...

mathematical logic, propositional logic and predicate logic, a well-formed formula, abbreviated WFF or wff, often simply formula, is a finite sequence of...

In logic, especially mathematical logic, a signature lists and describes the non-logical symbols of a formal language. In universal algebra, a signature...

non-classical logic include topological models, Boolean-valued models, and Kripke models. Modal logic is also studied using Kripke models. Many formal languages...

In logic, specifically in deductive reasoning, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true...