cryptography, an initialization vector (IV) or starting variable is an input to a cryptographic primitive being used to provide the initial state. The IV...

initialization vector (IV), for each encryption operation. The IV must be non-repeating, and for some modes must also be random. The initialization vector...

the CBC-MAC of message m, one encrypts m in CBC mode with zero initialization vector and keeps the last block. The following figure sketches the computation...

constants, simplifies padding, adds parameter block that is XOR'ed with initialization vectors, and reduces the number of rounds from 16 to 12 for BLAKE2b (successor...

n-dimensional vector of numerical features that represent some object Interrupt vector, the location in memory of an interrupt handling routine Initialization vector...

numbered sequentially, and then this block number is combined with an initialization vector (IV) and encrypted with a block cipher E, usually AES. The result...

instance when the resulting ciphertext must include a message-unique Initialization Vector (IV). Probabilistic encryption schemes cause ciphertext expansion...

how that filesystem manages the directory tree. When enabled, the initialization vector for filename encryption is derived from the file's parent directories...

project that inspired it, but uses AES-256 encryption and the key and initialization vector are retrieved from the hardware instead of being hard coded into...

capacity c = 320 − r {\displaystyle c=320-r} . The state is initialized by an initialization vector IV (constant for each cipher type, e.g., hex 80400c0600000000...

cannot be reused in replay attacks. Nonces can also be useful as initialization vectors and in cryptographic hash functions. A nonce is an arbitrary number...

In deep learning, weight initialization or parameter initialization describes the initial step in creating a neural network. A neural network contains...

processes. For en/decryption processes that require sharing an Initialization Vector (IV) / nonce these are typically, openly shared or made known to...

Shrimpton proposed a provable key-wrapping algorithm (SIV—the Synthetic Initialization Vector mode) that authenticates and encrypts an arbitrary string and authenticates...

(pseudo-)random values as initialization vectors; the needed randomness is derived internally by using the initialization vector as a block counter and encrypting...

physics, and engineering, a Euclidean vector or simply a vector (sometimes called a geometric vector or spatial vector) is a geometric object that has magnitude...

mode of authentication. The key feature is the use of a synthetic initialization vector (SIV) which is computed with Galois field multiplication using a...

bits for the key size and 24 bits for the initialization vector, known as WEP2. The initialization vector works as a seed, which is prepended to the...

steps to adequately mix the secret key with an initialization vector, usually by performing many initial rounds. Securing Record Communications: The TSEC/KW-26...

messages shorter than one block, residual block termination can use an encrypted initialization vector instead of the previously encrypted block. v t e...

there isn't a "previous block's ciphertext" for the first block, an initialization vector (IV) must be used as C − 1 {\displaystyle C_{-1}} . This, in turn...

symbol Sv, a unit of ionizing radiation dose Starting variable, or initialization vector, in cryptography Stroke volume, in cardiovascular physiology .sv...

address. The EPROM containing the software-initialization code must be located at this address. "5.9.1. Vector Table and Reset". Cortex-M3 Technical Reference...

external links section below. Password cracking Cryptographic nonce Initialization vector Padding "Spice" in the Hasty Pudding cipher Rainbow tables Pepper...

stream cipher. To prevent this from happening, WEP includes a 24-bit initialization vector (IV) in each message packet. The RC4 key for that packet is the...

operation, like the NSA cipher JUNIPER. It may use up to 192 bits as an initialization vector, regardless of the block size. In response to a Senate question...

mode, each complete superframe is also encrypted with a 32-bit IV (initialization vector). As a result, the encryption is no longer fixed for the same key...

the initialization vector before passing it to the RC4 cipher initialization. WEP, in comparison, merely concatenated the initialization vector to the...

keys. However, lack of randomness in those generators or in their initialization vectors is disastrous and has led to cryptanalytic breaks in the past. Therefore...

systems, in voting machines Induction variable, in computer science Initialization vector, in cryptography Instrumental variable, in statistics Intrinsic...