• topology, a branch of mathematics, the loop space ΩX of a pointed topological space X is the space of (based) loops in X, i.e. continuous pointed maps from...
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  • Thumbnail for Loop group
    G.} The space LG is called the free loop group on G. A loop group is any subgroup of the free loop group LG. An important example of a loop group is...
    4 KB (588 words) - 18:53, 29 April 2025
  • describes the twofold loop space, Ω 2 B U {\displaystyle \Omega ^{2}BU} of BU. Here, Ω {\displaystyle \Omega } is the loop space functor, right adjoint...
    13 KB (1,836 words) - 07:04, 8 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Loop (topology)
    identification of 0 with 1. The set of all loops in X forms a space called the loop space of X. Free loop Loop group Loop space Loop algebra Fundamental group Quasigroup...
    1 KB (130 words) - 07:12, 17 May 2022
  • Thumbnail for Suspension (topology)
    {\displaystyle X} a loop in Y {\displaystyle Y} (an element of the loop space Ω Y {\displaystyle \Omega Y} ), and the trivial loop should be associated...
    7 KB (1,246 words) - 10:51, 1 April 2025
  • idea is sketched later as well. The loop space of an Eilenberg–MacLane space is again an Eilenberg–MacLane space: Ω K ( G , n ) ≅ K ( G , n − 1 ) {\displaystyle...
    20 KB (3,357 words) - 01:43, 8 May 2025
  • distinguished point. Formally, let X {\displaystyle X} be a topological space. Then a free loop in X {\displaystyle X} is an equivalence class of continuous functions...
    2 KB (250 words) - 21:38, 9 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Loop quantum gravity
    of quantum space. Research has evolved in two directions: the more traditional canonical loop quantum gravity, and the newer covariant loop quantum gravity...
    115 KB (22,424 words) - 19:25, 25 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Launch loop
    launching humans for space tourism, space exploration and space colonization, and provides a relatively low 3g acceleration. Launch loops were described by...
    19 KB (2,538 words) - 15:50, 24 May 2025
  • fundamental group of a topological space is the group of the equivalence classes under homotopy of the loops contained in the space. It records information about...
    53 KB (8,137 words) - 07:56, 30 May 2025
  • homotopy (in a nice way), an infinite loop space machine produces a group completion of X together with infinite loop space structure. For example, one can...
    1 KB (161 words) - 14:01, 19 July 2024
  • and }}\gamma (1)=x_{0}\right\}} which is the loop space Ω X {\displaystyle \Omega X} . See also: Path space fibration. Given a universal covering π : X...
    10 KB (1,853 words) - 02:11, 28 September 2024
  • they are En-spaces.) Conversely, any connected En-space X is an n-fold loop space on some other space (called BnX, the n-fold classifying space of X). The...
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  • A_{\infty }} -space X is a loop space. Third, the group completion of a possibly disconnected A ∞ {\displaystyle A_{\infty }} -space is a loop space. The importance...
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  • Peter Hilton (1955), states that the loop space of a wedge of spheres is homotopy-equivalent to a product of loop spaces of spheres. John Milnor (1972) showed...
    3 KB (495 words) - 07:42, 27 December 2024
  • groups of an H-space. The fundamental group of an H-space is abelian. To see this, let X be an H-space with identity e and let f and g be loops at e. Define...
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  • one wants to prove that a space is a loop space. The basic idea is that if G {\displaystyle G} is a group with classifying space B G {\displaystyle BG} ...
    23 KB (3,384 words) - 09:16, 24 April 2025
  • used rational homotopy theory to show that the Betti numbers of the free loop space of X are unbounded. The theorem then follows from a 1969 result of Detlef...
    26 KB (4,039 words) - 05:53, 6 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Floer homology
    free loop space of a symplectic manifold with the symplectic action functional. For the (instanton) version for three-manifolds, it is the space of SU(2)-connections...
    37 KB (4,650 words) - 15:56, 6 April 2025
  • turn the interval into a loop. The curried form then maps the space X {\displaystyle X} to the space of functions from loops into Z {\displaystyle Z}...
    36 KB (5,025 words) - 17:55, 29 March 2025
  • example is the compact-open topology, e.g. loop space. Also available is the product topology on the space of set theoretic functions (i.e. not necessarily...
    9 KB (1,225 words) - 17:31, 4 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Space Cowboy (musician)
    including: DJ Supreme, Kings of Rhythm, Loop Da Loop, and DJ Chrome. In 2002, Dresti changed his stage name to Space Cowboy and did a cover of Prince's song...
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  • spaces to itself. This functor is left adjoint to the functor Ω {\displaystyle \Omega } taking a pointed space X {\displaystyle X} to its loop space Ω...
    6 KB (876 words) - 09:50, 26 March 2022
  • topology of the free loop space, especially in the field of string topology. We can do an analogous Sobolev construction for the loop space, making it a codimension...
    6 KB (861 words) - 20:35, 23 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Path (topology)
    of a space X {\displaystyle X} is often denoted π 0 ( X ) . {\displaystyle \pi _{0}(X).} One can also define paths and loops in pointed spaces, which...
    9 KB (1,529 words) - 16:55, 13 January 2025
  • "Loop & Loop" (ループ&ループ, Rūpu&Rūpu) is a song by the Japanese rock band Asian Kung-Fu Generation. It was the second single released from their second full-length...
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  • Thumbnail for Homotopy groups of spheres
    homology groups of its repeated loop spaces. The Serre spectral sequence relates the homology of a space to that of its loop space, so can sometimes be used...
    83 KB (8,124 words) - 04:10, 28 March 2025
  • an abelian group, the Pontryagin product on an H-space, and the Pontryagin product on a loop space. In order to define the Pontryagin product we first...
    3 KB (494 words) - 02:13, 28 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hook-and-loop fastener
    astronauts maneuver in and out of bulky space suits. However, this use reinforced the view among the populace that hook-and-loop was something with very limited...
    29 KB (3,446 words) - 10:07, 3 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Space (mathematics)
    product space Kolmogorov space Lp-space Lens space Liouville space Locally finite space Loop space Lorentz space Mapping space Measure space Metric space Minkowski...
    69 KB (9,328 words) - 07:29, 5 June 2025