Muhammad ibn Ali Rawandi (Persian: محمد بن علی راوندی; died after 1207), was a Persian historian who wrote the Rahat al-sudur wa ayat al-surur during the...
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Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ash-Shaybānī, better known as ʿAlī ʿIzz ad-Dīn Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī (Arabic: علي عز الدین بن الاثیر الجزري;...
11 KB (1,051 words) - 01:25, 4 June 2025
al-Hadi were Ali ibn Mahziar Ahvazi, Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Asadi, Ahmad ibn Ishaq al-Ash'ari, Ali ibn Bil'al, Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Hamadani, Ali ibn Ja'far...
67 KB (8,725 words) - 15:21, 3 May 2025
ibn Tughril (r. 1153). Although the Saljuq-nama is now lost, it was used as the primary source of the contemporary Persian historian Muhammad ibn Ali...
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satanic creature, and the Antichrist. Many early former Muslims such as Ibn al-Rawandi, Al-Ma'arri, and Abu Isa al-Warraq were religious skeptics, and philosophers...
103 KB (13,071 words) - 00:11, 3 June 2025
Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasar al-Muttalibi (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْدُ ٱلله مُحَمَّد ٱبْن إِسْحَاق ٱبْن يَسَار ٱلْمُطَّلِبيّ, romanized: Abū ʿAbd...
26 KB (3,164 words) - 18:21, 3 June 2025
Al-Dhahabi (redirect from Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn `Uthman ibn Qaymaz ibn `Abd Allah)
الدين الذهبي), also known as Shams ad-Dīn Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿUthmān ibn Qāymāẓ ibn ʿAbdillāh at-Turkumānī al-Fāriqī ad-Dimashqī (5 October...
13 KB (1,367 words) - 22:57, 17 May 2025
Abu Muhammad Abd al-Malik ibn Hisham ibn Ayyub al-Himyari (Arabic: أَبُو مُحَمَّدٌ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ, romanized: Abū...
14 KB (1,322 words) - 03:00, 30 May 2025
Granada, Ibn Khaldūn quickly came into competition with Muhammad's vizier, Ibn al-Khatib, who viewed the close relationship between Muhammad and Ibn Khaldūn...
70 KB (8,370 words) - 16:57, 11 May 2025
Hasan al-Askari (redirect from Hasan ibn Ali Al-Askari)
ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ, romanized: al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-ʿAskarī; c. 844–874) was a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is regarded as the eleventh of...
51 KB (6,777 words) - 22:46, 24 March 2025
Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Sa‘d ibn Manī‘ al-Baṣrī al-Hāshimī or simply Ibn Sa'd (Arabic: ابن سعد) and nicknamed Scribe of Waqidi (Katib al-Waqidi),...
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Al-Maqrizi (redirect from Taqi al-Din Ahmad ibn 'Ali al-Maqrizi)
(Arabic: المقريزي, full name Taqī al-Dīn Abū al-'Abbās Aḥmad ibn 'Alī ibn 'Abd al-Qādir ibn Muḥammad al-Maqrīzī, تقي الدين أحمد بن علي بن عبد القادر بن محمد...
17 KB (1,809 words) - 02:49, 12 January 2025
Guide. Icon Books Ltd. ISBN 9781848317741. Retrieved 22 January 2020. Ibn Rawandi, "Origins of Islam", 2000: p.89-90 Holland, Tom (2012). "1. Known Unknowns"...
52 KB (6,406 words) - 02:49, 2 June 2025
al-Fida Isma'il ibn Umar ibn Kathir al-Dimashqi (Arabic: أبو الفداء إسماعيل بن عمر بن كثير الدمشقي, romanized: Abū al-Fidā' Ismā'īl ibn 'Umar ibn Kathīr al-Dimashqī;...
34 KB (3,912 words) - 20:58, 16 May 2025
Al-Tabari (redirect from Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari)
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd al-Ṭabarī (Arabic: أَبُو جَعْفَر مُحَمَّد بْن جَرِير بْن يَزِيد ٱلطَّبَرِيّ; 839–923 CE / 224–310 AH), commonly...
45 KB (5,652 words) - 14:42, 14 March 2025
Ibn al-Jawzi's lineage back to him is as follows; Abd al-Rahman ibn Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Ubayd Allah ibn Abdullah ibn Hammadi ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad...
32 KB (3,584 words) - 01:51, 26 April 2025
an Arab historian. His full name was Abu al-Mundhir Hisham ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sa'ib ibn Bishr al-Kalbi. Born in Kufa, he spent much of his life in Baghdad...
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Ṣafī al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Ṭabāṭabā (Arabic: محمد بن علي بن طباطبا العلوي; 1262–1309), also known as Ibn al-Tiqtaqa, was a historian and naqib...
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Al-Bakri (redirect from Abū ʿUbayd ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Muḥammad al-Bakrī)
Abū ʿUbayd ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Muḥammad ibn Ayyūb ibn ʿAmr al-Bakrī (Arabic: أبو عبيد عبد الله بن عبد العزيز بن محمد بن أيوب بن عمرو البكري)...
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Criticism of Islam (section Criticism of Muhammad)
disapproval were made by Christians, Jews, and some former Muslims like Ibn al-Rawandi. Subsequently, the Muslim world itself faced criticism after the September...
123 KB (13,300 words) - 13:27, 26 May 2025
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muslim ibn Qutayba al-Dīnawarī al-Marwazī better known simply as Ibn Qutaybah (Arabic: ابن قتيبة, romanized: Ibn Qutaybah;...
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Allah Muhammad ibn Umar ibn Waqid al-Aslami (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن عمر بن واقد الاسلمي, romanized: Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn Wāqid...
18 KB (2,129 words) - 16:49, 6 March 2025
Al-Masudi (redirect from Abuʾul-ḤasanʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-Masʿūdī)
al-Masʿūdī (full name Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-Masʿūdī, أبو الحسن علي بن الحسين بن علي المسعودي), c. 896–956, was a historian, geographer...
27 KB (3,432 words) - 21:52, 21 May 2025
and Greek ethnic identity". Kaykhusraw wrote poetry in Persian. Muhammad ibn Ali Rawandi (died after 1207) dedicated his historical chronicle of the Seljuk...
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Yaqut al-Hamawi (redirect from Yaqut ibn-'Abdullah al-Hamawi)
mukhtasar mu’jam al-buldan li-Yaqut, 3 vols, edited by ‘Ali Muhammad al-Bajjawi, 1992 Yāqūt Ibn-ʻAbdallāh ar-Rūmī; ed. Theodor Juynboll; Lexicon geographicum...
17 KB (1,646 words) - 18:06, 2 June 2025
Al-Qifti (redirect from ʻAlī ibn Yūsuf Qifṭī)
Jamāl al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥasan 'Alī ibn Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm ibn 'Abd al-Wahid al-Shaybānī (جمال الدين أبو الحسن علي بن يوسف بن ٳبراهي بن عبد الواحد الشيباني)...
15 KB (1,639 words) - 23:27, 4 April 2025
Al-Baladhuri (redirect from Ahmad Ibn Yahya Al-baladhuri)
ʾAḥmad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Jābir al-Balādhurī (Arabic: أحمد بن يحيى بن جابر البلاذري) was a 9th-century West Asian historian. One of the eminent Middle Eastern...
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Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad b. Maḥmūd b. al-Ḥasan b. Hibatallāh b. Maḥāsin al-Baghdādī, Muḥibb al-Dīn Ibn al-Najjār, commonly known as Ibn al-Najjār (Arabic:...
8 KB (794 words) - 19:47, 26 May 2025
Al-Suyuti (category Supporters of Ibn Arabi)
بن أبي بكر بن محمد الخضيري السيوطي; Abū al-Faḍl 'Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī Bakr ibn Muḥammad Jalāl al-Dīn al-Khuḍayrī al-Suyūṭī (Brill 2nd) Sayyid Rami Al...
30 KB (3,387 words) - 08:28, 16 May 2025
plagiarism. This accusation was criticized by the contemporary Muhammad ibn Ali Rawandi. Athir al-Din also fell into a conflict with another distinguished...
8 KB (944 words) - 16:19, 20 January 2025