their model. This article deals primarily with the quantization of the non-linear sigma model; please refer to the base article on the sigma model for general...

"non-linear sigma model". The name has roots in particle physics, where a sigma model describes the interactions of pions. Unfortunately, the "sigma meson"...

stable field configuration of a certain class of non-linear sigma models. It was originally proposed as a model of the nucleon by (and named after) Tony Skyrme...

Scalar, spinor and gauge Standard Model Chiral model Non-linear sigma model Wess–Zumino–Witten model Wess–Zumino model Supersymmetric Yang–Mills 4D N =...

solutions of O(3) Non-linear Sigma Model, (Wiegmann 1985), Wess–Zumino–Witten model (together with Alexander Polyakov), Anderson impurity model and multi-channel...

_{j}X_{j}^{i};\quad \sigma _{i+1}^{2}={\frac {1}{M_{i}-1}}\sum _{j}(X_{j}^{i}-\mu _{i+1})^{2}.} Leading to a conditionally normal next generation model X j i + 1...

later case, this is referred to as the O ( n ) {\displaystyle O(n)} non-linear sigma model, as the rotation group O ( n ) {\displaystyle O(n)} is group of...

equation is a nonlinear variation of the Schrödinger equation. Non-linear sigma model is found in quantum field theory. Nonlinear system, in mathematics...

These models can be seen as generalizations of linear models (in particular, linear regression), although they can also extend to non-linear models. These...

sampling variance within the class of linear unbiased estimators, if the errors in the linear regression model are uncorrelated, have equal variances...

representation or lastly as the subgroup of the general linear group GL(7) which preserves the non-degenerate 3-form ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } , the associative...

{\displaystyle G} -WZW model on Σ {\displaystyle \Sigma } at the level k {\displaystyle k} . The model is a nonlinear sigma model whose action is a functional...

_{\mathsf {tr}}\ } denotes the trace in the flavor space. This is a non-linear sigma model. Terms involving   ∂ μ ∂ μ   U   {\displaystyle \textstyle \ \partial...

economics, behavior, etc. The autoregressive model specifies that the output variable depends linearly on its own previous values and on a stochastic...

F-theory String field theory Matrix string theory Non-critical string theory Non-linear sigma model Tachyon condensation RNS formalism GS formalism String...

The standard linear solid (SLS), also known as the Zener model after Clarence Zener, is a method of modeling the behavior of a viscoelastic material using...

world-sheet Σ {\displaystyle \Sigma } is then an embedded surface, that is, an embedded 2-manifold Σ ↪ M {\displaystyle \Sigma \hookrightarrow M} , such that...

Non-linear least squares is the form of least squares analysis used to fit a set of m observations with a model that is non-linear in n unknown parameters...

mechanical model proposed in 1997 by Tom Banks, Willy Fischler, Stephen Shenker, and Leonard Susskind; it is also known as BFSS matrix model, after the...

_{t}=1-{\frac {1-\sigma _{t}^{2}}{1-\sigma _{t-1}^{2}}}} . In order to use arbitrary noise schedules, instead of training a noise prediction model ϵ θ ( x t ...

,\cdot ]\otimes {\operatorname {id} }\circ ({\operatorname {id} }+\sigma +\sigma ^{2})=0} where σ is the cyclic permutation braiding ( id ⊗ τ A , A )...

In statistics, linear regression is a model that estimates the relationship between a scalar response (dependent variable) and one or more explanatory...

field with imaginary mass. However, it was soon realized that Feinberg's model did not in fact allow for superluminal (faster than light) particles or...

expressed as a linear first-order differential equation: σ = E ε + η ε ˙ {\displaystyle \sigma =E\varepsilon +\eta {\dot {\varepsilon }}} This model represents...

dimension, and then no reference to the bulk is appropriate. In the bulk model, at least some of the extra dimensions are extensive (possibly infinite)...

{\displaystyle X(\tau ,\sigma )=(X^{0}(\tau ,\sigma ),X^{1}(\tau ,\sigma ),X^{2}(\tau ,\sigma ),\ldots ,X^{d}(\tau ,\sigma )).} The functions X μ ( τ...

F-theory String field theory Matrix string theory Non-critical string theory Non-linear sigma model Tachyon condensation RNS formalism GS formalism String...

functions, especially the sigma function or sum-of-divisors function. In applied mathematics, σ(T) denotes the spectrum of a linear map T. In complex analysis...

samples. For simple linear regression the effect is an underestimate of the coefficient, known as the attenuation bias. In non-linear models the direction of...

Schwarzschild model of a black hole is a gravitational singularity a region where the spacetime curvature becomes infinite. For a non-rotating black...