the null distribution is the probability distribution of the test statistic when the null hypothesis is true. For example, in an F-test, the null distribution...

samples. The null distribution of this statistic is calculated under the null hypothesis that the sample is drawn from the reference distribution (in the one-sample...

The null hypothesis (often denoted H0) is the claim in scientific research that the effect being studied does not exist. The null hypothesis can also...

{\displaystyle p} -value by comparing T {\displaystyle T} to its distribution under the null hypothesis. The ranks are defined so that R i {\displaystyle...

George W. Snedecor), is a continuous probability distribution that arises frequently as the null distribution of a test statistic, most notably in the analysis...

generalization of the chi-squared distribution. It often arises in the power analysis of statistical tests in which the null distribution is (perhaps asymptotically)...

within them. Null distribution: For data which can be negative as well as positive, the null distribution for cosine similarity is the distribution of the dot...

follows a χ2 frequency distribution. The purpose of the test is to evaluate how likely the observed frequencies would be assuming the null hypothesis is true...

determine the p-value for X2. The distribution of X2 is a chi-squared distribution for the following reason; under the null hypothesis for test i, the p-value...

drawn from a given population." Thus the null hypothesis is that a population is described by some distribution predicted by theory. He uses as an example...

test the null hypothesis that data come from a normally distributed population, when the null hypothesis does not specify which normal distribution; i.e....

F(p,n_{x}+n_{y}-1-p).} The non-null distribution of this statistic is the noncentral F-distribution (the ratio of a non-central Chi-squared random...

important property of a test statistic is that its sampling distribution under the null hypothesis must be calculable, either exactly or approximately...

distributed when the difference tested is null, the noncentral distribution describes how t is distributed when the null is false. This leads to its use in statistics...

that the given data set {x1, ..., xn} comes from a normal distribution. Typically the null hypothesis H0 is that the observations are distributed normally...

statistical test of the null hypothesis that randomly selected values X and Y from two populations have the same distribution. Nonparametric tests used...

test is called a null hypothesis test. As our statistical hypothesis will, by definition, state some property of the distribution, the null hypothesis is...

{\textstyle \sum _{i}O_{i}=N} . The null hypothesis is that the count numbers are sampled from a multinomial distribution M u l t i n o m i a l ( N ; p 1...

multivariate distributions with the chiral index, which takes values in the interval [0;1], and which is null if and only if the distribution is mirror symmetric...

degenerate distribution on a measure space ( E , A , μ ) {\displaystyle (E,{\mathcal {A}},\mu )} is a probability distribution whose support is a null set with...

central distribution describes how a test statistic is distributed when the difference tested is null, noncentral distributions describe the distribution of...

test in order to produce a null distribution for the ES. The P value is determined by comparison to the null distribution. Calculating significance this...

observed data. In certain chi-square tests, one rejects a null hypothesis about a population distribution if a specified test statistic is too large, when that...

one end of the null distribution and is twice the size (5% vs. 2.5%) of each rejection region for a two-tailed test. As a result, the null hypothesis can...

of an identically shaped and scaled distribution for all groups, except for any difference in medians, then the null hypothesis is that the medians of all...

the distribution of the test statistic under the null hypothesis can be approximated by a normal distribution. Z-test tests the mean of a distribution. For...

significance. What is the probability that a sequence drawn from some null distribution will have an HMM probability (in the case of the forward algorithm)...

this measure for use as a test statistic, and calculation of the null distribution of this test statistic. Mathematics portal Correlation Kendall's tau...

under the null hypothesis of no spatial autocorrelation is E ( I ) = − 1 N − 1 {\displaystyle E(I)={\frac {-1}{N-1}}} The null distribution used for this...

the null hypothesis. The test of significance is designed to assess the strength of the evidence against the null hypothesis. Usually, the null hypothesis...