identical copies of the original virus. Unlike most living things, viruses do not have cells that divide; new viruses assemble in the infected host cell...

A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals...

mCP). In exceptional cases, there are also viruses without a capsid (i.e., true virions), such as the RNA viruses of the Narnaviridae and the viroids of the...

The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are two species of Lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that infect humans. Over time, they cause acquired immunodeficiency...

human viruses, GISRS monitors avian, swine, and other potentially zoonotic influenza viruses. IAV vaccines need to be reformulated regularly in order to keep...

transmission through the egg stage. Alois Huger described the virus as being similar to viruses from the family Baculoviridae, but lacking the proteinaceous...

Emergent viruses should not be confused with re-emerging viruses or newly detected viruses. A re-emerging virus is generally considered to be a previously...

the virus remains within a "bird–mosquito–bird" transmission cycle. The virus is genetically related to the Japanese encephalitis family of viruses. Humans...

Fauquet CM (2005). Virus taxonomy classification and nomenclature of viruses; 8th report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Oxford: Elsevier/Academic...

that all require the presence of another virus to replicate. Many of these are plant viruses, but animal viruses can be seen in the case of dependoviruses...

Marine viruses are defined by their habitat as viruses that are found in marine environments, that is, in the saltwater of seas or oceans or the brackish...

amoeba. This leads to viral particles to be released into the cytoplasm of the amoeba. Viruses portal DNA virus Introduction to viruses Largest organisms...

terms and concepts used in virology, the study of viruses, particularly in the description of viruses and their actions. Related fields include microbiology...

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaV) is a name for a group of viruses that infect grapevine. Obscure mealybugs (Pseudococcus viburni) feed on the...

[citation needed] Active viremia is caused by the replication of viruses which results in viruses being introduced into the bloodstream. Examples include the...

double-stranded DNA viruses. Vertebrates and arthropods serve as natural hosts. The family contains 22 genera that are assigned to two subfamilies: Chordopoxvirinae...

virology concerned with the evolution of viruses. Viruses have short generation times, and many—in particular RNA viruses—have relatively high mutation rates...

can be dangerous to open unexpected attachments in e-mails. Many antivirus programs can detect macro viruses; however, the macro virus' behavior can still...

Negative-strand RNA viruses (−ssRNA viruses) are a group of related viruses that have negative-sense, single-stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid...

Double-stranded RNA viruses (dsRNA viruses) are a polyphyletic group of viruses that have double-stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid. The double-stranded...

a viral vector. Viruses used for gene therapy to date include retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus and herpes simplex virus. However, there...

virus, which requires Hepatitis B virus to coinfect cells in order to replicate. Helper viruses are also commonly used to replicate and spread viral vectors...

ribozyme to catalyze other biochemical reactions. Viruses are generally between 20–200 nm in diameter. For survival and replication, viruses inject their...

the Janssen vaccine. Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are relatively small single-stranded DNA viruses belonging to Parvoviridae and, like lentiviral vectors...

Chordopoxvirinae). Like other poxviruses, myxoma viruses are large DNA viruses with linear double-stranded DNA. Virus replication occurs in the cytoplasm of the...

able to transmit Yellow fever virus.[citation needed] That immunity is present in the populations because of other diseases caused by related viruses (for...

primarily used by non-enveloped viruses, enveloped viruses may also use this. HIV is an example of an enveloped virus that exploits this process for the...

How viruses do this depends mainly on the type of nucleic acid DNA or RNA they contain, which is either one or the other but never both. Viruses cannot...

Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses four years later. In 1976, related viruses were described in several other species of animals. These viruses, all causing acute...

genome, which only occurs between viruses with segmented genomes. (All known viruses with segmented genomes are RNA viruses.) The classical example of reassortment...