Mathematical logic is a branch of metamathematics that studies formal logic within mathematics. Major subareas include model theory, proof theory, set...

portal Glossary of logic Józef Maria Bocheński List of notation used in Principia Mathematica List of mathematical symbols Logic alphabet, a suggested...

relational databases, in the form of relational models. In the context of mathematical logic, the term "model" was first applied in 1940 by the philosopher Willard...

In mathematical logic, independence is the unprovability of some specific sentence from some specific set of other sentences. The sentences in this set...

foundation of mathematics has been eventually resolved with the rise of mathematical logic as a new area of mathematics. In this framework, a mathematical or logical...

In mathematical logic, a sentence (or closed formula) of a predicate logic is a Boolean-valued well-formed formula with no free variables. A sentence...

Classical logic (or standard logic) or Frege–Russell logic is the intensively studied and most widely used class of deductive logic. Classical logic has had...

is an extension of logic, some or all of mathematics is reducible to logic, or some or all of mathematics may be modelled in logic. Bertrand Russell and...

In mathematical logic, a judgment (or judgement) or assertion is a statement or enunciation in a metalanguage. For example, typical judgments in first-order...

First-order logic, also called predicate logic, predicate calculus, or quantificational logic, is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy...

addresses the mathematical properties of formal systems of logic. However, it can also include attempts to use logic to analyze mathematical reasoning or...

This is a list of mathematical logic topics. For traditional syllogistic logic, see the list of topics in logic. See also the list of computability and...

proof used in mathematics, a hearkening back to the Greek tradition. The development of the modern "symbolic" or "mathematical" logic during this period...

In mathematical logic, a tautology (from Ancient Greek: ταυτολογία) is a formula that is true regardless of the interpretation of its component terms,...

In mathematical logic, a theory (also called a formal theory) is a set of sentences in a formal language. In most scenarios a deductive system is first...

identical at first, but fuzzy logic uses degrees of truth as a mathematical model of vagueness, while probability is a mathematical model of ignorance. A basic...

foundation for mathematics comparable to first-order logic plus set theory. It is a form of higher-order logic and closely related to the logics of the HOL...

what consistent meant in traditional Aristotelian logic, although in contemporary mathematical logic the term satisfiable is used instead. In a sound formal...

Igor Andreevich; Maksimova, Larisa (2003). Problems in Set Theory, Mathematical Logic, and the Theory of Algorithms. New York: Springer. p. 52. ISBN 0306477122...

calculus Predicate (mathematical logic) Predicate logic Predicate variable Quantification Second-order predicate Sentence (mathematical logic) Universal instantiation...

important theorems. In mathematical logic, the concepts of theorems and proofs have been formalized in order to allow mathematical reasoning about them...

In mathematical logic, propositional logic and predicate logic, a well-formed formula, abbreviated WFF or wff, often simply formula, is a finite sequence...

A mathematical proof is a deductive argument for a mathematical statement, showing that the stated assumptions logically guarantee the conclusion. The...

J. (1998). Handbook of Writing for the Mathematical Sciences. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. pp. 16. ISBN 0-89871-420-6. "Definition...

1967. Mathematical Logic Reprinted by Dover, 2002. ISBN 0-486-42533-9 Smullyan, Raymond M., 1961. Theory of Formal Systems: Annals of Mathematics Studies...

published by Kurt Gödel in 1931, are important both in mathematical logic and in the philosophy of mathematics. The theorems are interpreted as showing that Hilbert's...

In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is a branch of algebra. It differs from elementary algebra in two ways. First, the values of the...

the theorems are logical consequences. Mathematical logic, a subfield of mathematics and logic, uses mathematical methods and frameworks to study rules...

Institute of Mathematical Logic and Fundamental Research at the University of Münster in 1936, which can be said enabled the study of logic at the highest...

20th century or had not previously been considered as mathematics, such as mathematical logic and foundations. Number theory began with the manipulation...