flight and the first to fly past Venus, as part of the Soviet Union's Venera programme. Launched in February 1961, it was intended as an impactor, but flew...

The Venera (Russian: Вене́ра, pronounced [vʲɪˈnʲɛrə] 'Venus') program was a series of space probes developed by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984...

The Venera 11 (Russian: Венера-11 meaning Venus 11) was a Soviet uncrewed space mission which was part of the Venera program to explore the planet Venus...

Venera 2MV-1 No.1, also known as Sputnik 19 in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1962 as part of the Venera programme. Due to a...

launched Luna 25 in 2023. The Venera programme marked many firsts in space exploration and explorations of Venus. Venera 1 and Venera 2 resulted in failure due...

Venera 2MV-1 No.2, also known as Sputnik 20 in the Western world, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1962 as part of the Venera programme...

Venera 9 (Russian: Венера-9, lit. 'Venus-9'), manufacturer's designation: 4V-1 No. 660, was a Soviet uncrewed space mission to Venus. It consisted of an...

3MV-4 spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, it failed to return data after flying past Venus. Venera 2 was launched by a Molniya carrier rocket...

8K72 Venera Cosmos 27 Venera 2 Venera 3 Venera 4 Venera 5 Venera 6 Venera 7 Venera 8 Cosmos 482 Venera 9 Venera 10 Venera 11 Venera 12 Venera 13 Venera 14...

in the Doppler-effect velocity measurements of Venera-4 through Venera-8. On March 1, 1966, the Venera 3 Soviet space probe crash-landed on Venus, becoming...

Venera 2MV-2 No.1, also known as Sputnik 21 in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1962 as part of the Venera programme, and was intended...

mission change in the Venera program, following on from the cancellation of the American Halley mission in 1981. A later Venera mission was canceled and...

Interferometry Spektr-RG - space observatory satellite Venera program Venera 3 Venera 4 Venera 5 Venera 7 Venera 8 Venera 9 Kosmos 167 Vega program Vega 1 Vega 2 Luna-Glob...

spaceflight attempt was in 1961 when the robotic space probe Venera 1 of the Soviet Venera programme flew to Venus. It lost contact en route. The first successful...

followed by the United States, have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching...

Soviet Venera 5 and Venera 6 probes were crushed by high pressure while still 18 km above the surface. Following landers such as Venera 7 and Venera 8 succeeded...

"Venera 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. "Venera 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. "Venera missions". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. "Venera 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. "Venera 8"...

from the Greek word for “tiled” (Russian investigators analyzing Venera 15 and Venera 16 imagery thought this terrain looked like a parquet floor). Like...

intended to explore Venus. A 3MV-4 spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, Kosmos 96 was to have made a flyby of Venus. However, due to a launch...

The Soyuz programme (/ˈsɔɪjuːz/ SOY-yooz, /ˈsɔː-/ SAW-; Russian: Союз [sɐˈjus], meaning "Union") is a human spaceflight programme initiated by the Soviet...

4 Kosmos 167 Venera 5 Venera 6 Venera 7 Venera 8 Kosmos 482 Venera 9 Venera 10 Venera 11 Venera 12 Venera 13 Venera 14 Venera 15 Venera 16 Mariner program...

Venus Venera Venera 1 Venera 2 Venera 3 Venera 4 Venera 5 Venera 6 Venera 7 Venera 8 Venera 9 Venera 10 Venera 11 Venera 12 Venera 13 Venera 14 Venera 15...

science plans include the launch of the Venera-D (Venus-D) probe in 2029. The main scientific goals of the Venera-D mission are investigation of the structure...

spacecraft intended to explore Venus. A spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, Kosmos 167 was intended to land on Venus but never departed low Earth...

differently from Earth. Following five orbital missions to Venus (Venera 15, Venera 16, Magellan, Venus Express, and Akatsuki) focused on remote sensing...

4 Kosmos 167 Venera 5 Venera 6 Venera 7 Venera 8 Kosmos 482 Venera 9 Venera 10 Venera 11 Venera 12 Venera 13 Venera 14 Venera 15 Venera 16 Mariner program...

on Venus in the journal Nature. In the analysis of mission data from the Venera, Pioneer Venus and Magellan missions, it was discovered that carbonyl sulfide...

Kosmos 7 Sputnik 18 – Kosmos 8 Sputnik 19 – Venera 2MV-1 No.1 Sputnik 20 – Venera 2MV-1 No.2 Sputnik 21 – Venera 2MV-2 No.1 Sputnik 22 – Mars 2MV-4 No.1 Sputnik...

The Salyut programme (Russian: Салют, IPA: [sɐˈlʲut], meaning "salute" or "fireworks") was the first space station programme, undertaken by the Soviet...

research at the time. In 1961 the Venera Programme was initiated by the Soviet Union, with the launch of Venera 1. The programme would go on to mark many firsts...