molecular, and optical physics, above-threshold ionization (ATI) is a multi-photon effect where an atom is ionized with more than the energetically required...

researched on multiphoton ionization using the powerful lasers there. They are the first to observe above-threshold ionization in 1979 in xenon gas. In...

associated cation (post ionization) using quantum chemical software e.g. QChem. For photon energies below the ionization threshold, the photoionization cross-section...

Above threshold ionization Double ionization Chemical ionization Electron ionization Ionization chamber – Instrument for detecting gaseous ionization...

Kondo effect. He made early predictions of the phenomenon of the Above Threshold Ionization (ATI) and the highly energetic electron emissions in one-dimensional...

the laser-light intensity I as IN . Above threshold ionization (ATI) is an extension of multi-photon ionization where even more photons are absorbed...

proportional to the overlapping amplitude. Under the conditions of above-threshold ionization, the reactions of neutronization and pycnonuclear fusion can lead...

laser articles Nonlinear optics Photoionization Ionization High harmonic generation Above threshold ionization Physics portal Science portal Berakdar, J.;...

In multi-photon ionization (MPI), several photons of energy below the ionization threshold may actually combine their energies to ionize an atom. Resonance-enhanced...

molecular hydrogen ion. It is concerned with processes such as ionization, above threshold ionization and excitation by photons or collisions with atomic particles...

airline Artigas Airport, IATA designation Above threshold ionization, a photoelectrochemical process ionizing an atom by an excessive number of photons...

references, the ionization of a typical water molecule at an energy of 33 eV is referenced as the appropriate biological threshold for ionizing radiation:...

Becker W (2019-04-10). "Atom-Volkov strong-field approximation for above-threshold ionization". Physical Review A. 99 (4): 043411. Bibcode:2019PhRvA..99d3411M...

technology. The other is doing experiments with few-cycle pulses, like above-threshold ionization, attosecond pulses, highly efficient nonlinear optics or high-harmonics...

Yang, Baorui; DiMauro, L. F.; Kulander, K. C. (15 March 1993). "Above threshold ionization beyond the high harmonic cutoff". Physical Review Letters. 70...

The linear no-threshold model (LNT) is a dose-response model used in radiation protection to estimate stochastic health effects such as radiation-induced...

In mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is an ionization technique that uses a laser energy-absorbing matrix to create...

Bucksbaum, P.H., Milchberg, H., Darack, S., Guesic, M., 1987. Above-threshold Ionization with subpicosecond laser pulses”, Physical Review Letters, 59...

which requires only a single particle to ionize. A familiar example of thermal ionization is the flame-ionization of a common fire, and the browning reactions...

and particles with energies above about 10 electron volts (eV) are ionizing (some authorities use 33 eV, the ionization energy for water). Particle radiation...

McIlrath, T. J. (1987). "Role of the ponderomotive potential in above-threshold ionization". Journal of the Optical Society of America B. 4 (5): 760. Bibcode:1987JOSAB...

X Y Z 3D printing, additive manufacturing Abnormal reflection Above-threshold ionization Absorption spectroscopy Accelerator physics Acoustic microscopy...

Ashtekar Ablation Abner Shimony Abol-fath Khazeni About Time (book) Above threshold ionization Abraham (Avi) Loeb Abraham Alikhanov Abraham Bennet Abraham Esau...

ASE – amplified spontaneous emission ATD – above-threshold dissociation ATI – above-threshold ionization AWG – arrayed waveguide grating BPP – beam parameter...

1985 he turned to the study of strong-field ionization of atoms. His early work on above threshold ionization of atoms established the role of ponderomotive...

ionization detector and uses the Townsend avalanche phenomenon to produce an easily detectable electronic pulse from as little as a single ionizing event...

The frequency ν o {\displaystyle \nu _{o}} is the threshold frequency for the given material. Above that frequency, the maximum kinetic energy of the...

neutral species and via secondary ionization due to collisions with the latter, or so-called photoelectron impact ionization. In the process of thermalization...

physical process that produces sprites, but for which the ionization is too weak to cross the threshold required for streamer formation. They are sometimes...

not ionization, which is usually dissipated as heat with relatively little chemical damage. Ultraviolet light is usually categorized as non-ionizing, but...