In machine learning and information retrieval, the cluster hypothesis is an assumption about the nature of the data handled in those fields, which takes...

interaction (see also human-computer information retrieval). The cluster hypothesis, proposed by C. J. van Rijsbergen in 1979, asserts that two documents...

\in \mathbf {Y} }\|{\vec {\mu }}_{\ell }-{\vec {x}}\|} . Cluster hypothesis k-means clustering k-nearest neighbor algorithm Linear discriminant analysis...

The null hypothesis (often denoted H0) is the claim in scientific research that the effect being studied does not exist. The null hypothesis can also...

statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject a particular hypothesis. A...

statistical hypothesis testing, the alternative hypothesis is one of the proposed propositions in the hypothesis test. In general the goal of hypothesis test...

The hydrogen hypothesis is a model proposed by William F. Martin and Miklós Müller in 1998 that describes a possible way in which the mitochondrion arose...

Rijsbergen published "The use of hierarchic clustering in information retrieval", which articulated the "cluster hypothesis". 1975: Three highly influential publications...

The cancer exodus hypothesis establishes that circulating tumor cell clusters (CTC clusters) maintain their multicellular structure throughout the metastatic...

Cluster headache is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent severe headaches on one side of the head, typically around the eye(s). There is...

eventually form a cluster of about 1014 M☉. A low velocity dispersion compared to that of, for example, the Coma cluster, supports this hypothesis. The Eridanus...

clusters. No known globular clusters display active star formation, consistent with the hypothesis that globular clusters are typically the oldest objects...

like the collision hypothesis, this would explain why there are main-sequence stars more massive than other stars in the cluster which have already evolved...

The giant-impact hypothesis, sometimes called the Theia Impact, is an astrogeology hypothesis for the formation of the Moon first proposed in 1946 by Canadian...

the Solar System. Its gravitational effects could explain the peculiar clustering of orbits for a group of extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs)—bodies...

The 2R hypothesis or Ohno's hypothesis, first proposed by Susumu Ohno in 1970, is a hypothesis that the genomes of the early vertebrate lineage underwent...

hypothesis, and then test the hypothesis on the second (new) set of information. (See hypothesis testing.) However, after constructing a hypothesis on...

A gene cluster is a group of two or more genes found within an organism's DNA that encode similar polypeptides or proteins which collectively share a...

statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when a result at least as "extreme" would be very infrequent if the null hypothesis were...

large-scale data processing. Spark provides an interface for programming clusters with implicit data parallelism and fault tolerance. Originally developed...

In planetary astronomy and astrobiology, the Rare Earth hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of biological complexity, such as sexually...

In null-hypothesis significance testing, the p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed,...

A chi-squared test (also chi-square or χ2 test) is a statistical hypothesis test used in the analysis of contingency tables when the sample sizes are large...

galaxies. This is a hypothesis for the formation of globular clusters. Thus, globular clusters could be the remains of nuclear star clusters excluded from gas...

The multiregional hypothesis, multiregional evolution (MRE), or polycentric hypothesis, is a scientific model that provides an alternative explanation...

The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well...

density near the nucleus. A hypothesis was that it was caused by an obscuring cloud of interstellar matter between us and the cluster, but a paper by James...

chloroplasts. In addition, the bulk flow hypothesis is also supported by the presence of non-random clusters of organelle genes, suggesting the simultaneous...

In statistical hypothesis testing, a type I error, or a false positive, is the erroneous rejection of a true null hypothesis. A type II error, or a false...

before the evolution of DNA and proteins. The term also refers to the hypothesis that posits the existence of this stage. Alexander Rich first proposed...