The electric-field integral equation is a relationship that allows the calculation of an electric field (E) generated by an electric current distribution...

specialized equations. For surface problems, common integral equation formulations include electric field integral equation (EFIE), magnetic field integral equation...

analysis, integral equations are equations in which an unknown function appears under an integral sign. In mathematical notation, integral equations may thus...

of the electric field.) The full law including the correction term is known as the Maxwell–Ampère equation. It is not commonly given in integral form because...

Maxwell's equations. It is an application of the divergence theorem, and it relates the distribution of electric charge to the resulting electric field. In...

Maxwell's equations that form the basis of classical electromagnetism. In 1820 Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted discovered that an electric current...

physics, the electric displacement field (denoted by D), also called electric flux density, is a vector field that appears in Maxwell's equations. It accounts...

electromagnetism, classical optics, electric and magnetic circuits. The equations provide a mathematical model for electric, optical, and radio technologies...

set of integral equations known as retarded potentials allow one to calculate V and A from ρ and J, and from there the electric and magnetic fields are determined...

curl operator. This equation means that we can write the electric field as the gradient of a scalar function φ (called the electric potential), since the...

differential equation or vector field. In physics, integral curves for an electric field or magnetic field are known as field lines, and integral curves for...

In physics, screening is the damping of electric fields caused by the presence of mobile charge carriers. It is an important part of the behavior of charge-carrying...

that the electric field points "downhill" towards lower voltages. By Gauss's law, the potential can also be found to satisfy Poisson's equation: ∇ ⋅ E =...

flow. A continuity equation is the mathematical way to express this kind of statement. For example, the continuity equation for electric charge states that...

surface around a body. Mathematically, Gauss's law takes the form of an integral equation: Φ E = ∮ S E ⋅ d A = Q enclosed ε 0 = ∫ V ρ ε 0 d 3 r , {\displaystyle...

electric field, or in structural analysis, the connection between applied stresses or loads to strains or deformations. Some constitutive equations are...

component of the overall electric field, can be approximated in the non-relativistic limit by the volume integral equation: 321  E s ( r , t ) ≈ − 1...

Fowler–Nordheim-type equation. Equations in this article are written using the modern International System of Quantities (ISQ). Older field emission literature...

is known as Gauss's law for electric fields in its integral form and it is one of Maxwell's equations. While the electric flux is not affected by charges...

/ˈbjoʊ səˈvɑːr/) is an equation describing the magnetic field generated by a constant electric current. It relates the magnetic field to the magnitude, direction...

In mathematics and physics, Laplace's equation is a second-order partial differential equation named after Pierre-Simon Laplace, who first studied its...

equations separate into two equations for the electric field (see electrostatics) and two for the magnetic field. The fields are independent of time and...

the screened Poisson equation is a Poisson equation, which arises in (for example) the Klein–Gordon equation, electric field screening in plasmas, and...

of moments solution of the electric field integral equation (EFIE) for thin wires and the magnetic field integral equation (MFIE) for closed, conducting...

electric potential, and C is the path over which the integral is being taken. Unfortunately, this definition has a caveat. From Maxwell's equations,...

demagnetizing field Hd is the gradient of this potential (equation 4). The energy of the demagnetizing field is completely determined by an integral over the...

portal Integral equation – Equations with an unknown function under an integral sign Integral symbol – Mathematical symbol used to denote integrals and antiderivatives...

several approaches are discussed, although the equations are in terms of electric and magnetic fields, potentials, and charges with currents, generally...

due to the electric force (qE) term in the Lorentz Force equation. The electric field in question is created by the changing magnetic field, resulting...

equation for the electric field. The equation is named after Hermann von Helmholtz, who studied it in 1860. The Helmholtz equation often arises in the...