In cryptography, full entropy is a property of an output of a random number generator. The output has full entropy if it cannot practically be distinguished...

number generator is expected to output near-perfect random numbers ("full entropy"). A physical process usually does not have this property, and a practical...

In information theory, the entropy of a random variable quantifies the average level of uncertainty or information associated with the variable's potential...

Entropy is a scientific concept, most commonly associated with states of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty. The term and the concept are used in diverse...

crucial role in the construction of the measure-theoretic entropy of a dynamical system. The entropy of a partition Q {\displaystyle {\mathcal {Q}}} is defined...

Rényi entropy is a quantity that generalizes various notions of entropy, including Hartley entropy, Shannon entropy, collision entropy, and min-entropy. The...

generators in NAG Fortran Library Randomness Beacon at NIST, broadcasting full entropy bit-strings in blocks of 512 bits every 60 seconds. Designed to provide...

concept of entropy is central, Shannon was persuaded to employ the same term 'entropy' for his measure of uncertainty. Information entropy is often presumed...

process." The second law of thermodynamics establishes the concept of entropy as a physical property of a thermodynamic system. It predicts whether processes...

In mathematics, the topological entropy of a topological dynamical system is a nonnegative extended real number that is a measure of the complexity of...

energy, and will therefore be unable to sustain processes that increase entropy. Heat death does not imply any particular absolute temperature; it only...

Entropy is one of the few quantities in the physical sciences that require a particular direction for time, sometimes called an arrow of time. As one...

finiteness of the entropy and of the proportionality of the area of the horizon. It is possible to derive, from the covariant formulation of full quantum theory...

In information theory, the binary entropy function, denoted H ⁡ ( p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {H} (p)} or H b ⁡ ( p ) {\displaystyle \operatorname...

In statistics and information theory, a maximum entropy probability distribution has entropy that is at least as great as that of all other members of...

Entropic gravity, also known as emergent gravity, is a theory in modern physics that describes gravity as an entropic force—a force with macro-scale homogeneity...

H {\textstyle H} is the enthalpy of the system S {\textstyle S} is the entropy of the system T {\textstyle T} is the temperature of the system V {\textstyle...

with early 19th century developments of the concepts of irreversibility, entropy, and the second law of thermodynamics. In other words, Laplace's demon...

In physics, maximum entropy thermodynamics (colloquially, MaxEnt thermodynamics) views equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics as inference...

Lavarand, also known as the Wall of Entropy, is a hardware random number generator designed by Silicon Graphics that worked by taking pictures of the...

variable. The concept of mutual information is intimately linked to that of entropy of a random variable, a fundamental notion in information theory that quantifies...

rot (bit rot, code rot, software erosion, software decay, or software entropy) is the degradation, deterioration, or loss of the use or performance of...

semi-classical derivation of entropy that does not take into account the indistinguishability of particles yields an expression for entropy which is not extensive...

component" (a.k.a. randomness extractor, a method to generate bitstrings with full entropy) in NIST SP 800-90B. FIPS PUB 113 Computer Data Authentication is a (now...

An entropic explosion is an explosion in which the reactants undergo a large change in volume without releasing a large amount of heat. The chemical decomposition...

second law of thermodynamics. In 1877 he provided the current definition of entropy, S = k B ln ⁡ Ω {\displaystyle S=k_{\rm {B}}\ln \Omega } , where Ω is the...

converted to the work done by the system. The cycle is reversible, and entropy is conserved, merely transferred between the thermal reservoirs and the...

chamber to warm up and the other to cool down. This would decrease the total entropy of the system, seemingly without applying any work, thereby violating the...

thermodynamical formalism as Gibbs without realizing it. Clausius's ideas on entropy occupied a central role in his work. In April 1885, the University of Kiel...

including the macroscopic entropy, though microscopically referable to the Gibbs statistical mechanical definition of entropy for the canonical ensemble...