In theoretical physics, an invariant is an observable of a physical system which remains unchanged under some transformation. Invariance, as a broader...

potential energy of interaction, possibly negative. In particle physics, the invariant mass m0 is equal to the mass in the rest frame of the particle,...

Invariant estimator in statistics Invariant measure Invariant (physics) Invariants of tensors Invariant theory Knot invariant Mathematical constant Mathematical...

Topological invariant Invariant (physics), something does not change under a transformation, such as from one reference frame to another Invariant estimator...

units, constructed from ħ, me, e and 4πε0 give convenient units in atomic physics. The choice of constants used leads to widely varying quantities. The number...

hypothesis is sufficiently smooth to admit these derivatives.: 62–63  Invariant (physics) Momentum Cauchy momentum equation Energy Conservation of energy and...

In physics, a parity transformation (also called parity inversion) is the flip in the sign of one spatial coordinate. In three dimensions, it can also...

spacetime interval (e.g., proper time and proper length), and invariant mass. In physics, a pseudoscalar denotes a physical quantity analogous to a scalar...

concerned with the Lorentz transformation which left Maxwell's equations invariant, but was apparently uninterested in the Michelson–Morley experiment on...

nuclear physics and is often avoided by writers on special relativity, in favor of referring to the body's relativistic energy. In contrast, "invariant mass"...

'action' of a field theory is an invariant under all the symmetries of the theory. Much of modern theoretical physics is to do with speculating on the...

of particle physics, because its components are scale invariant. Howard Georgi proposed this theory in two 2007 papers, "Unparticle Physics" and "Another...

chirality is so typical in physics that the term can be misleading, and it is clearer to speak of T-invariant and T-non-invariant chirality. Effects related...

scale invariance has an interpretation in terms of particle physics. In a scale-invariant theory, the strength of particle interactions does not depend...

unsolved problems grouped into broad areas of physics. Some of the major unsolved problems in physics are theoretical, meaning that existing theories...

powerful theories in physics are described by Lagrangians that are invariant under some symmetry transformation groups. When they are invariant under a transformation...

{\displaystyle \forall \delta \ Af=A(T_{\delta }f).} Laws of physics are translationally invariant under a spatial translation if they do not distinguish different...

The invariant speed or observer invariant speed is a speed which is measured to be the same in all reference frames by all observers. The invariance of...

states. In mathematics, it has been used to calculate knot invariants and three-manifold invariants such as the Jones polynomial. Particularly, Chern–Simons...

two postulates: (1) that the mathematical forms of the laws of physics are invariant in all inertial systems; and (2) that the speed of light in vacuum...

In particle physics, a massless particle is an elementary particle whose invariant mass is zero. At present the only confirmed massless particle is the...

insights in physics, such as his 1981 proof of the positive energy theorem in general relativity, and his interpretation of the Jones invariants of knots...

In mathematics, a Casimir element (also known as a Casimir invariant or Casimir operator) is a distinguished element of the center of the universal enveloping...

is presented as being based on just two postulates: The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference (that is, frames...

Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of matter, especially the solid and...

portal Physics portal Conservation law Charge (physics) Gauge symmetry Gauge symmetry (mathematics) Invariant (physics) Goldstone boson Symmetry (physics) Noether...

laws of physics themselves do not pick out a preferred direction. Noether used these sorts of symmetries in her work on invariants in physics. A powerful...

specifically in symplectic topology and algebraic geometry, Gromov–Witten (GW) invariants are rational numbers that, in certain situations, count pseudoholomorphic...

Hamiltonian system Conservation law Noether's theorem Charge (physics) Invariant (physics) Blanchard, Devaney, Hall (2005). Differential Equations. Brooks/Cole...

and thus, in the absence of external forces, is time-invariant. It is also rotationally invariant, in that a rotation applied to the system leaves the...