Macroeconomic policy instruments are macroeconomic quantities that can be directly controlled by an economic policy maker. Instruments can be divided into...

Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole. This includes...

Education policy Energy policy Environmental policy Foreign policy Forest policy Health policy Macroeconomic policy Monetary policy Plan Population policy Public...

monetary policy cannot systematically manage the levels of output and employment in the economy. Prior to the work of Sargent and Wallace, macroeconomic models...

monetary policy is an active and debated research area, drawing on fields like monetary economics as well as other subfields within macroeconomics. Monetary...

country's economy. The use of government revenue expenditures to influence macroeconomic variables developed in reaction to the Great Depression of the 1930s...

Zero interest-rate policy (ZIRP) is a macroeconomic concept describing conditions with a very low nominal interest rate, such as those in contemporary...

to effective macroeconomic management. With the complexity of modern economies and the lags inherent in macroeconomic policy instruments, a country must...

fluctuations in external financing. Limited policy space and instruments to mitigate the ensuing macroeconomic volatility often translate into large growth...

currency and credit in order to achieve certain macroeconomic goals. It refers to the central bank ’s policy of buying and selling government bonds to control...

policy is the application of taxation and government spending to influence economic performance. The main aim of adopting fiscal policy instruments is...

theory that the government should rely on fiscal policy as the main instrument of macroeconomic policy. Fiscalism in this sense is contrasted with monetarism...

luxury good macroeconomic model macroeconomic policy instruments macroeconomic populism macroeconomic regulation and control macroeconomics The study of...

and the macroeconomic costs of financial instability. It is recognized as a necessary ingredient to fill the gap between macroeconomic policy and the...

the basis of Keynesian economics which came to dominate macroeconomic research and economic policy in the first decades after World War II.: 526  Other Keynesian...

Macroeconomic theory has its origins in the study of business cycles and monetary theory. In general, early theorists believed monetary factors could...

credit as a way to achieve policy targets such as sustainability. Window guidance involves the use of monetary policy instruments including lending quotas...

Modern Monetary Theory or Modern Money Theory (MMT) is a heterodox macroeconomic theory that describes the nature of money within a fiat, floating exchange...

Governments implement fiscal policy to influence macroeconomic conditions by adjusting spending and taxation policies to alter aggregate demand. When...

explain consequences of dramatic changes in macroeconomic policy regimes. In 1975 he and Wallace proposed the policy-ineffectiveness proposition, which challenged...

aggregate supply–aggregate demand or AS–AD model) is a widely used macroeconomic model that explains short-run and long-run economic changes through...

their main policy instrument.: 483–485  Afterwards, monetarism was subsumed into the new neoclassical synthesis which appeared in macroeconomics around 2000...

central bank policies, and rhetoric in central bank governors' discourse or the premises of macroeconomic policies (monetary and fiscal policy) of the state...

subject of the economy; this lack of understanding of macroeconomic questions and monetary policy, however, exists in other countries as well. Critics...

imposition and collection of taxes. It encompasses both microeconomic and macroeconomic aspects. The former focuses on issues of fairness and efficiency in...

reconstruction. Macdonald and Evans. p. 55. Dwivedi, DN (2005). Macroeconomics: Theory and Policy. Tata McGraw-Hill. p. 182. Krugman, Paul & Wells, Robin, Economics...

Targets are those macroeconomic variables the policy maker wishes to influence, whereas instruments are the variables that the policy maker can control...

define monetary policy guidelines and set the basic interest rate. It regulates the liquidity of the economy through monetary policy instruments. Copom was...

economy and approach monetary policy." Taylor contributed to the development of mathematical methods for solving macroeconomic models under the assumption...

development assistance by China.: 105  Policy banks do not require debtor countries to make macroeconomic policy changes when provided with debt relief...