In mathematics, and more specifically in graph theory, a multigraph is a graph which is permitted to have multiple edges (also called parallel edges),...

Look up multigraph, multidigraph, or pseudograph in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A multigraph is a mathematical graph where some pairs of vertices...

high-degree planar graphs, the number of colors is always Δ, and for multigraphs, the number of colors may be as large as 3Δ/2. There are polynomial time...

called adjacent. A multigraph is a generalization that allows multiple edges to have the same pair of endpoints. In some texts, multigraphs are simply called...

To avoid ambiguity, this type of object may be called an undirected multigraph. A loop is an edge that joins a vertex to itself. Graphs as defined in...

A multigraph (or pleograph) is a sequence of letters that behaves as a unit and is not the sum of its parts, such as English ⟨ch⟩ (typically pronounced...

A Latin-script multigraph is a multigraph consisting of characters of the Latin script. digraphs (two letters, as ⟨ch⟩ or ⟨ea⟩) trigraphs (three letters...

In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, Shannon multigraphs, named after Claude Shannon by Vizing (1965), are a special type of triangle graphs...

the multigraph ΩG, called the power object of G. What is special about a multigraph as an algebra is that its operations are unary. A multigraph has two...

a graph is the number of edges that are incident to the vertex; in a multigraph, a loop contributes 2 to a vertex's degree, for the two ends of the edge...

single characters Multigraph (orthography), a sequence of letters that behaves as a unit and is not the sum of its parts Multigraph (disambiguation) This...

that every undirected multigraph without loops can be colored with at most Δ+µ colors, where µ is the multiplicity of the multigraph. The theorem is named...

In computer programming, digraphs and trigraphs are sequences of two and three characters, respectively, that appear in source code and, according to a...

simple graph contains no loops. Depending on the context, a graph or a multigraph may be defined so as to either allow or disallow the presence of loops...

a spanning tree can be generalized to directed multigraphs. Given a vertex v on a directed multigraph G, an oriented spanning tree T rooted at v is an...

International, merged in 1932 with American Multigraph of Cleveland, Ohio, to form the Addressograph-Multigraph Corporation manufacturing highly efficient...

have been studied, including line graphs of line graphs, line graphs of multigraphs, line graphs of hypergraphs, and line graphs of weighted graphs. Given...

exact grapheme–phoneme correspondence. A phoneme may be represented by a multigraph (sequence of more than one grapheme), as the digraph sh represents a single...

formula for a complete multigraph is mn−1(nn−1−(n−1)nn−2) by same methods produced above, since a simple graph is a multigraph with m = 1. Kirchhoff's...

The Latin script, also known as the Roman script, is a writing system based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, derived from a form of the...

Galvin's proof generalizes to the statement that, for every bipartite multigraph, the list chromatic index equals its chromatic index. The more general...

The following multigraphs are used in the Cyrillic script. The palatalized consonants of Russian and other languages written as C-⟨ь⟩ are mostly predictable...

subgraph induced in G by O. Combine the edges of M and T to form a connected multigraph H in which each vertex has even degree. Form an Eulerian circuit in H...

graphs Kn,n. Galvin, Fred (1995), "The list chromatic index of a bipartite multigraph", Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B, 63: 153–158, doi:10.1006/jctb...

info, a fact-checking service An alternative term for Multigraph (orthography) Polygraff Multigraph (disambiguation) Moscow State University of Printing...

Digram (disambiguation) / Digramme Bigram Trigraph (disambiguation) Multigraph (disambiguation) Unigraph wikt:Diagraph, a combination of a protractor...

sparsity matroid is a mathematical structure that captures how densely a multigraph is populated with edges. To unpack this a little, sparsity is a measure...

theory and formal language theory it is convenient to consider labeled multigraphs, i.e., a pair of vertices may be connected by several labeled edges....

predictable way A phoneme may be represented by a sequence of letters, called a multigraph, rather than by a single letter (as in the case of the digraph ch in French...

reading the highly agglutinative languages of the region, due to numerous multigraphs used in their standard orthographies in Latin script. Languages written...