electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the volumetric density of permanent...

but with a finite p. This quantity is used in the definition of polarization density. An object with an electric dipole moment p is subject to a torque...

electric flux density, is a vector field that appears in Maxwell's equations. It accounts for the electromagnetic effects of polarization and that of an...

causing an increase in the state of polarization, expressed as the polarization density P. A changing state of polarization is equivalent to a current. Both...

Dielectric polarization, charge separation in insulating materials: Polarization density, volume dielectric polarization Dipolar polarization, orientation...

behaviour of light in nonlinear media, that is, media in which the polarization density P responds non-linearly to the electric field E of the light. The...

=\mathbf {P} \cdot \mathbf {\hat {n}} \,.} where P is the polarization density, i.e. density of electric dipole moments within the material, and dV is...

polarization density with n electron density is P = − n e x {\displaystyle P=-nex} After a little algebra the relation between polarization density and...

quantum field theory, and specifically quantum electrodynamics, vacuum polarization describes a process in which a background electromagnetic field produces...

a tensor) relating an electric field E to the induced dielectric polarization density P such that   P   =   ε 0   χ   E , {\displaystyle \ \mathbf {P}...

Clausius–Mossotti relation (below) which connects the bulk behaviour (polarization density due to an external electric field according to the electric susceptibility...

nanoscale Piezoelectricity, polarization due to linear strains Polarization density, general description of the physics of polarization Static electricity, electric...

Photon polarization is the quantum mechanical description of the classical polarized sinusoidal plane electromagnetic wave. An individual photon can be...

a tensor) relating an electric field E to the induced dielectric polarization density P such that P = ε 0 χ e E , {\displaystyle \mathbf {P} =\varepsilon...

field D in terms of the electric field E and classical electrical polarization density P of the medium. In general, this relationship has the form: D =...

the electric field and displacement field, respectively; P is the polarization density; ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } is the permittivity; ε 0 {\displaystyle...

Polarization, or polarisation, is a property of transverse waves which specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations. In a transverse wave...

material will slightly move in opposite directions, resulting in polarization density in the bulk body and bound charge at the surface. In chemistry, there...

equivalent in each case, by the divergence theorem. We introduce the polarization density P, which has the following relation to E and D: D = ε 0 E + P {\displaystyle...

nonlinear optics studies the changes to material polarization density under extreme electric fields. The polarization waves generated are related to the generating...

1016/B978-0-08-010586-4.50007-9. ISBN 978-0-08-010586-4. Fano, Ugo (1995). "Density matrices as polarization vectors". Rendiconti Lincei. 6 (2): 123–130. doi:10.1007/BF03001661...

free-charge density (describing charges brought from outside). Assuming the medium is linear, isotropic, and homogeneous (see polarization density), we have...

For light and other electromagnetic radiation, the plane of polarization is the plane spanned by the direction of propagation and either the electric vector...

action of the electromagnetic field with respect to the electric polarization density at that event. [citation needed] The magnetic induction (B) at an...

{f} }} is free charge density, P {\displaystyle \mathbf {P} } is polarization density. The magnetic field and free current density are transformed under...

Concentration polarization is a term used in the scientific fields of electrochemistry and membrane science. In electrochemistry, concentration polarization denotes...

the kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m3 or kg⋅m−3), the SI derived unit of density. The names of SI coherent derived units, when written in full, are always...

magnetization, one can define the magnetic polarization, I (often the symbol J is used, not to be confused with current density). B = μ 0 H + I {\displaystyle \mathbf...

polarized dipole is described as a superposition of two linear dipoles. Polarization density Magnetic dipole models Dipole model of the Earth's magnetic field...

called an E-mode polarization. If it is crossed at 45-degree angles, it is called a B-mode polarization. Plane waves fluctuations (like density or scalar perturbations...