• in mathematics, and to show that informal mathematics grows by a logic of "proofs and refutations". The 1976 book Proofs and Refutations is based on the...
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  • Thumbnail for Imre Lakatos
    philosopher of mathematics and science, known for his thesis of the fallibility of mathematics and its "methodology of proofs and refutations" in its pre-axiomatic...
    41 KB (5,047 words) - 14:19, 31 July 2025
  • Exposition in 1993. It is referenced several times in Imre Lakatos' book Proofs and Refutations, where it is described as "outstandingly good within the deductivist...
    5 KB (520 words) - 13:56, 18 July 2025
  • – 7:04 "John Fahey: Proofs & Refutations". Drag City. Retrieved March 8, 2024. Jackson, Reed. "John Fahey: Proofs and Refutations". Spectrum Culture....
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  • mathematical proofs, not every school of mathematical thought accepts this kind of nonconstructive proof as universally valid. More broadly, proof by contradiction...
    20 KB (2,602 words) - 19:55, 19 June 2025
  • Informal mathematics (category Mathematics and culture)
    and in most cultures, and is the subject of modern ethno-cultural studies of mathematics. The philosopher Imre Lakatos in his Proofs and Refutations aimed...
    3 KB (391 words) - 07:27, 4 June 2024
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    mathematics. In Proofs and Refutations: The Logic of Mathematical Discovery (1976), philosopher Imre Lakatos implemented mathematical proofs into what he...
    26 KB (2,886 words) - 23:32, 30 May 2025
  • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1983 Lakatos, Imre (1976), Proofs and Refutations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29038-4...
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  • Thumbnail for Tverberg's theorem
    Shlosman and Szűcs. Matoušek presents a proof using deleted joins. The theorem was proved for r {\displaystyle r} a prime-power by Özaydin, and later by...
    9 KB (1,356 words) - 09:00, 22 June 2025
  • Euler characteristic (category Articles containing proofs)
    additional proofs, see Eppstein (2013). Multiple proofs, including their flaws and limitations, are used as examples in Proofs and Refutations by Lakatos...
    29 KB (3,405 words) - 09:03, 24 July 2025
  • on Polya's idea of heuristics. In Proofs and Refutations, Lakatos gave several basic rules for finding proofs and counterexamples to conjectures. He...
    198 KB (23,316 words) - 07:14, 19 July 2025
  • teapot Deferent and epicycle § Bad science No true Scotsman Special pleading The Structure of Scientific Revolutions Proofs and Refutations "The Dragon in...
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    arguments for the existence of God. Imre Lakatos Proofs and Refutations is a 1976 book on the logic of discovery and progress in mathematics. It is written as...
    14 KB (1,573 words) - 19:06, 24 May 2025
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    9, pp. 16–48, 1810. Lakatos, Imre; Proofs and Refutations, Cambridge University Press (1976) - discussion of proof of Euler characteristic Anthony Pugh...
    21 KB (1,682 words) - 23:50, 29 July 2025
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    Realism and the Aim of Science, 1956–57 (as privately circulated galley proofs; published as a book 1983), ISBN 0091514509 Conjectures and Refutations: The...
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  • Imre Lakatos, Proofs and Refutations (1976) Cambridge University Press ISBN 0521290384 James Franklin and Albert Daoud (2011) Proof in Mathematics:...
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  • Kleene's wonderfully-clear style. Lakatos, Imre (2015) [1976]. Proofs and Refutations The Logic of Mathematical Discovery. Cambridge Philosophy Classics...
    22 KB (2,789 words) - 14:59, 30 April 2025
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    Lakatos, Imre (2015) [1976], Worrall, John; Zahar, Elie (eds.), Proofs and Refutations: The logic of mathematical discovery, Cambridge Philosophy Classics...
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  • Thumbnail for Philipp Ludwig von Seidel
    School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. May 2000. Lakatos, Imre (1976). Proofs and Refutations. Cambridge University...
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  • Doron Zeilberger A.J. Han Vinck Borwein integral Computer-aided proof Proofs and Refutations Experimental Mathematics (journal) Institute for Experimental...
    16 KB (1,811 words) - 11:38, 23 June 2025
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    N.S. 10 pp. 1–26 as cited by Imre Lakatos (1976) in Proofs and Refutations p. 9. (John Worrall and Elie Zahar, eds.) Cambridge University Press ISBN 0-521-21078-X...
    65 KB (8,141 words) - 07:39, 1 August 2025
  • mistaken proof Sophistical Refutations – Text by Aristotle on logical fallacies, in which Aristotle presented thirteen fallacies Straight and Crooked Thinking –...
    66 KB (6,890 words) - 21:00, 26 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
    MAA. pp. 218–227. ISBN 978-0-88385-747-2. Lakatos, Imre (1976). Proofs and refutations: the logic of mathematical discovery. Cambridge University Press...
    31 KB (3,582 words) - 23:35, 29 June 2025
  • Models And Counter-Examples (Mace) is a model finder. Most automated theorem provers try to perform a proof by refutation on the clause normal form of...
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  • Early Ideas about Probability, Induction and Statistical Inference, 1975 Imre Lakatos, Proofs and Refutations, 1976 Penelope Maddy, Realism in Mathematics...
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  • incorrect (or no) proofs? Moritz. Theorems demoted back to conjectures Mei Zhang, Proofs shown to be wrong after formalization with proof assistant Steven-Owen...
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  • first-order clauses, i.e. it performs proofs by refutation. Superposition is refutation complete—given unlimited resources and a fair derivation strategy, from...
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    Bookstore. p. 184. ISBN 978-0-8218-2623-2. Lakatos, Imre (1976). Proofs and Refutations. Cambridge University Press. pp. 141. ISBN 978-0-521-21078-2. Rudin...
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  • published. July 11 – Keuffel and Esser manufacture the last slide rule in the United States. Imre Lakatos' Proofs and Refutations: the Logic of Mathematical...
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  • Ontological Proofs Today. Frankfurt: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 28, 150. ISBN 978-3-86838-181-8. Szatkowski, Miroslaw (2013). Ontological Proofs Today. Piscataway...
    138 KB (22,209 words) - 06:41, 22 July 2025