questions that proximate causes create. Sociologists use the related pair of terms "proximal causation" and "distal causation". Proximal causation: explanation...

there are two fundamentally different types of causation in biology, ‘ultimate’ and ‘proximate’. Ultimate causes (e.g. natural selection) were seen as (i)...

context of proximate and ultimate causation. Johnson concludes that the argument results in a "mistaken relevance of proximate causation". The statement...

Convergent evolution Five whys Four discourses, by Jacques Lacan Proximate and ultimate causation Socrates Teleology The purpose of a system is what it does...

Overdetermination – When a single effect has multiple sufficient causes Proximate and ultimate causation – Event that is closest to, or immediately responsible for...

establish principles of generality focusing on both proximate and ultimate causation. Using a comparative approach to behavior allows one to evaluate the...

proliferation model Iteration Latent human error Mitigation Proximate and ultimate causation Proximate cause Redundancy (engineering) Root cause analysis System...

and learning often rely on the narrative structure of stories – with actors, goals, and immediate (proximate) rather than ultimate (distal) causation...

further discerned two modes of causation: proper (prior) causation and accidental (chance) causation. All causes, proper and accidental, can be spoken as...

must include ultimate (evolutionary) explanations, in particular: behavioural adaptive functions phylogenetic history; and the proximate explanations...

List of preventable causes of death Manner of death Proximate and ultimate causation Cause & Manner of Death – Medical Examiner, Snohomish County, Washington...

dilemma. Zero-sum thinking is the result of both proximate and ultimate causes. In terms of ultimate causation, zero-sum thinking might be a legacy of human...

Positive economics Proximate and ultimate causation Science of morality Situational ethics Black, Max (1964). "The Gap Between "Is" and "Should"". The Philosophical...

controversy is partly the result of failing to distinguish between proximate and ultimate causation; that learning abilities are more often concerned with specific...

List of centenarians (scientists and mathematicians) Species Problem Philosophy of biology Proximate and ultimate causation Bock, Walter J. (2006). "Ernst...

Fund and the World Bank Prototype theory Protrepsis and paraenesis Provability logic Provo (movement) Proxenus of Atarneus Proximate and ultimate causation...

Convergent evolution Five whys Four discourses, by Jacques Lacan Proximate and ultimate causation Socrates Teleology The purpose of a system is what it does...

injury causation: the injury to the plaintiff is a reasonably foreseeable consequence of the defendant's act or omission under the proximate cause doctrine...

ascertainable cause than most proximate causes adduced by historians. In a sense, they might be conceived of as the ultimate cause, or the first principle...

although in some instances it is learned (e.g. pet cats and dogs). While the ultimate causation for begging is an increase in the animal's individual fitness...

ultimate instead of proximate questions. This ultimate-proximate distinction was introduced by Ernst Mayr to identify different levels of causational...

ethology and sociobiology, causation and ontogeny are summarised as the "proximate mechanisms", while adaptation and phylogeny are the "ultimate mechanisms"...

The plaintiff must have suffered damage. Causation: The conduct complained of must either be the proximate cause or the cause in fact of the damage suffered...

legal causation: the "proximate-cause" criterion, also known as direct-consequences or individualisation theory; the theory of adequate causation; and the...

draws from Tinbergen the important distinction between 'proximal' and 'ultimate' causation, noting that immense confusion about attachment arises when these...

is a person who asks, 'What is taken for and called darkness?' Reply and say, 'Light is the proximate cause and darkness is the contributory cause. When...

victim to: try to escape and if he or she dies in that attempt, the chain of causation is not broken; or try to fight back and so escalate the extent of...

clearly a matter of proximate causations. Evolution, equally clearly, is a matter of evolutionary causations. And yet, in all these papers and that book the...

essentialism, eternalism and annihilationism. The first chapter discusses causation. The main thesis to be defended is given in the first verse: Not from...

TR, Hebert PD (April 1999). "The modulation of DNA content: proximate causes and ultimate consequences". Genome Research. 9 (4): 317–24. doi:10.1101/gr...