When optical fibers are exposed to ionizing radiation such as energetic electrons, protons, neutrons, X-rays, Ƴ-radiation, etc., they undergo 'damage'...

An optical fiber, or optical fibre, is a flexible glass or plastic fiber that can transmit light from one end to the other. Such fibers find wide usage...

Fiber-optical thermometers can be used in electromagnetically strongly influenced environment, in microwave fields, power plants or explosion-proof areas...

microstructured optical fibers, where light is guided by structural modifications, and not only by refractive index differences. Hollow-core fibers (HCFs) are...

emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The word laser originated as an...

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of distributed Bragg reflector constructed in a short segment of optical fiber that reflects particular wavelengths...

long-term effects of UV, although they do mirror the direct damage of DNA by ultraviolet. All bands of UV radiation damage collagen fibers and accelerate...

measurement sensors can be based on the Sagnac effect. Special fibers like long-period fiber grating (LPG) optical fibers can be used for direction recognition...

quite inaccurate if there are multiple fibers in a link, since the back-scatter coefficient is variable between fibers. Accuracy can be increased if a bidirectional...

produce visible effects on both organic and inorganic matter (e.g. water lighting in Cherenkov radiation) or humans (e.g. acute radiation syndrome). Ionizing...

waves and signals in electrical circuits, in optical fibers, and in air. Electrical attenuators and optical attenuators are commonly manufactured components...

waves. Thus, an optical fiber or a copper cable is used as transmission media. Electromagnetic radiation can be transmitted through an optical medium, such...

output. An optical switch enables signals in optical fibers or integrated optical circuits to be switched selectively between circuits. An optical switch...

scattering is an important component of the scattering of optical signals in optical fibers. Silica fibers are glasses, disordered materials with microscopic...

total internal reflection, is used in optical fibers to confine light in the core. Light travels along the fiber bouncing back and forth off of the boundary...

Cherenkov radiation, scintillation effects, etc.) and nuclear applications, such as on-board optics in systems subjected to radiation, for example. Optical glass...

distant galaxies Space exploration Cure monitoring of composites using optical fibers. Estimating weathered wood exposure times using near infrared spectroscopy...

optical fibers. In the case of multi-mode optical fibers, so-called modal dispersion will also lead to pulse broadening. Even in single-mode fibers,...

of radiation such as gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet and infrared, in addition to visible light. Optoelectronic devices are electrical-to-optical or...

a communication medium such as radio waves, cables, waveguides, or optical fibers, to the receiver. It is an equation giving the received power from the...

radiation between approximately 4.5 μm and 50 μm. Astronomers observe objects in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum using optical components...

creating quartz fibers. For optical fibers, germanium and phosphorus can be added to increase the refractive index. A single quartz fiber can have a tensile...

semiconductor diode sensitive to photon radiation, such as visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays. It produces an electrical...

accuracy through the effects of Compton scattering. Bandplan Cosmic ray Electroencephalography Infrared window Ionizing radiation Optical window Ozone layer...

ray is an idealized geometrical model of light or other electromagnetic radiation, obtained by choosing a curve that is perpendicular to the wavefronts...

is focused to a point (see diagram). Terahertz radiation can thus be manipulated spatially using optical components such as metal-coated mirrors as well...

focused on the study of soliton transmission in optical fibers. He reported the first experimental observation of solitons in optical fibers in a paper...

Artificial Black Hole Using Optical Fiber". Aerospace. IEEE Spectrum. Retrieved May 4, 2012. Unruh, W.G.; Schützhold, R. (2003). "On Slow Light as a Black Hole...

and long haul optical communication systems. Also of value to the emerging materials scientist is the sensitivity of materials to radiation in the thermal...

Microwave is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than other radio waves but longer than infrared waves. Its wavelength ranges...