production of summands, reduction of summands, and summation. In binary multiplication, each row of the summands will be either zero or one of the numbers...

{\displaystyle (n\,n!)} operations (number of summands in the formula times the number of multiplications in each summand), and recursive Laplace expansion requires...

IEEE 754 Linear-feedback shift register Offset binary Quibinary Reduction of summands Redundant binary representation Repeating decimal Two's complement...

reduction formulae is a method relying on recurrence relations. It is used when an expression containing an integer parameter, usually in the form of...

{N}}{\bigr )}R\;+{\bigl (}T_{R}N^{-1}{\bmod {R}}{\bigr )}N{\pmod {NR}}.} Both summands lie in the half‑open interval [ 0 , N R ) {\displaystyle [0,NR)} : 0 ≤...

sample indices for which the split test is false, respectively. Each of the above summands are indeed variance estimates, though, written in a form without...

quantifies the sensitivity to change of a function's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input...

is one of the four elementary mathematical operations of arithmetic, with the other ones being addition, subtraction, and division. The result of a multiplication...

square matrix of second-order partial derivatives of a scalar-valued function, or scalar field. It describes the local curvature of a function of many variables...

theory of the three algebras. Each R[G]-module naturally gives rise to an F[G]-module, and, by a process often known informally as reduction (mod p)...

is a definite integral of a function of several real variables, for instance, f(x, y) or f(x, y, z). Integrals of a function of two variables over a region...

generalization of the Leibniz integral rule. It is used to recast time derivatives of integrated quantities and is useful in formulating the basic equations of continuum...

relates the integral of the curl of the vector field over some surface, to the line integral of the vector field around the boundary of the surface. The classical...

of integrals: List of integrals of rational functions List of integrals of irrational functions List of integrals of trigonometric functions List of integrals...

that expresses the derivative of the composition of two differentiable functions f and g in terms of the derivatives of f and g. More precisely, if h...

derivative, primitive function, primitive integral or indefinite integral of a continuous function f is a differentiable function F whose derivative is...

Jacobian matrix (/dʒəˈkoʊbiən/, /dʒɪ-, jɪ-/) of a vector-valued function of several variables is the matrix of all its first-order partial derivatives. If...

integral of higher odd powers of secant to lower ones. This is the secant reduction formula, which follows the syntax: ∫ sec n ⁡ x d x = sec n − 2 ⁡ x tan...

analog of a sum, which is used to calculate areas, volumes, and their generalizations. Integration, the process of computing an integral, is one of the two...

H {\displaystyle H} is a direct summand of G {\displaystyle G} if there exists another subgroup K {\displaystyle K} of G {\displaystyle G} such that G...

calculus, symbolic integration is the problem of finding a formula for the antiderivative, or indefinite integral, of a given function f(x), i.e. to find a formula...

direction and the rate of fastest increase. The gradient transforms like a vector under change of basis of the space of variables of f {\displaystyle f}...

{T} } , a contraction of a tensor field of order k − 1. Specifically, the divergence of a vector is a scalar. The divergence of a higher-order tensor...

q_{1})\simeq (V_{2},q_{2}).} In other words, the direct summand (V, q) appearing in both sides of an isomorphism between quadratic spaces may be "cancelled"...

equivalence classes of irreducible representations of N. In particular the number of distinct summands is no greater than the index of N in G. Twenty years...

In calculus, the quotient rule is a method of finding the derivative of a function that is the ratio of two differentiable functions. Let h ( x ) = f (...

substitution, also known as u-substitution, reverse chain rule or change of variables, is a method for evaluating integrals and antiderivatives. It is...

cardinality of the set of summands of each type is uniquely determined. Moreover, if a divisible group A {\displaystyle A} is a subgroup of an abelian...

area of mathematical analysis, the differintegral is a combined differentiation/integration operator. Applied to a function ƒ, the q-differintegral of f...

fundamental theorem of calculus is a theorem that links the concept of differentiating a function (calculating its slopes, or rate of change at every point...