UniFrac, a shortened version of unique fraction metric, is a distance metric used for comparing biological communities. It differs from dissimilarity...

determine what constitutes "normal" gut bacteria, led to her creation of the UniFrac algorithm, used by researchers to plot the relationships between microbial...

sequences. Due to the complexity of the data, distance measures such as UniFrac distances are usually defined between microbiome samples, and downstream...

data to analyse. Phylogenetic aware distance is usually performed with UniFrac or similar tools, such as Soresen's index or Rao's D, to quantify the differences...

American microbiologist, working on the gut microbiome, who developed the UniFrac algorithm Annie Luetkemeyer (born 1972), American physician and medical...

{uni} }={\frac {1}{hQ_{r}Q_{v}}}\int \limits _{E_{0}}^{\infty }\mathrm {d} E\sum _{J=0}^{\infty }{\frac {(2J+1)G^{\ddagger }(E,J)\exp \!\left({\frac...

{\displaystyle {\frac {\mathrm {d} [{\ce {P}}]}{\mathrm {d} t}}=k_{\rm {uni}}[{\ce {A}}],\quad k_{\rm {uni}}={\frac {1}{[A]}}{\frac {\mathrm {d[P]} }{\mathrm...

e2/h represents the universal conductance. σ uni = ( π ) e 2 2 h {\displaystyle \sigma _{\text{uni}}={\frac {(\pi )e^{2}}{2h}}} (Equation 1) A representation...

probability in an entire document. P uni ( t 1 t 2 t 3 ) = P ( t 1 ) P ( t 2 ) P ( t 3 ) . {\displaystyle P_{\text{uni}}(t_{1}t_{2}t_{3})=P(t_{1})P(t_{2})P(t_{3})...

punctuation marks) are treated as an initial set of n-grams (i.e. initial set of uni-grams). Successively the most frequent pair of adjacent characters is merged...

{\displaystyle {\frac {2}{2^{0.5}}}\approx 1.414,{\frac {3}{4^{0.5}}}=1.5,{\frac {4}{6^{0.5}}}\approx 1.633,{\frac {6}{12^{0.5}}}\approx 1.732,{\frac {8}{24^{0...

⋅ H 2 . {\displaystyle u={\frac {\mathbf {B} \cdot \mathbf {H} }{2}}={\frac {\mathbf {B} \cdot \mathbf {B} }{2\mu }}={\frac {\mu \mathbf {H} \cdot \mathbf...

sense of solitude. Other common numeral prefixes for the number 1 include uni- (e.g., unicycle, universe, unicorn), sol- (e.g., solo dance), derived from...

(n+z)}}\left({\frac {2}{1}}\cdot {\frac {3}{2}}\cdots {\frac {n+1}{n}}\right)^{z}\\[8pt]&={\frac {1}{z}}\prod _{n=1}^{\infty }\left[{\frac {1}{1+{\frac {z}{n}}}}\left(1+{\frac...

\infty }\left(-\log n+\sum _{k=1}^{n}{\frac {1}{k}}\right)\\[5px]&=\int _{1}^{\infty }\left(-{\frac {1}{x}}+{\frac {1}{\lfloor x\rfloor }}\right)\,\mathrm...

frac {{\text{right}}-{\text{left}}}{2}}&0&0&{\frac {{\text{left}}+{\text{right}}}{2}}\\0&{\frac {{\text{top}}-{\text{bottom}}}{2}}&0&{\frac...

viewer and light-source vectors, H = L + V ‖ L + V ‖ {\displaystyle H={\frac {L+V}{\left\|L+V\right\|}}} R ⋅ V {\displaystyle R\cdot V} can be replaced...

Kleinst-Quadrate-Schätzung" [Generalized Least Squares estimation]. www.uni-kassel.de. Uni-Kassel. Retrieved 21 September 2023. Greene, William H. (2012). Econometric...

{\begin{aligned}E_{\theta }&=i{\frac {\ \zeta _{0}\ I\ \delta \ell \ }{4\pi }}\left({\frac {\ k\ }{r}}-{\frac {i}{\ r^{2}}}-{\frac {1}{\ k\ r^{3}}}\right)\ e^{-ikr}\...

4 = 0.5 {\displaystyle {\begin{alignedat}{0}\ell _{2,1}={\frac {0}{4}}=0\\\ell _{3,1}={\frac {2}{4}}=0.5\end{alignedat}}} Once these rows have been subtracted...

{\displaystyle P={\frac {W}{t}}={\frac {Fd}{t}}={\frac {180~{\text{lbf}}\times 2.4\times 2\,\pi \times 12~{\text{ft}}}{1~{\text{min}}}}=32{,}572~{\frac {{\text{ft}}\cdot...

808726. ISBN 0-89791-099-0. Prof. E. Rahm. "Sortierverfahren" (PDF). Dbs.uni-leipzig.de. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 August 2022. Retrieved...

W={\frac {1}{2}}c\left(e^{b_{ijkl}E_{ij}E_{kl}}-1\right)} W = − μ J m 2 ln ⁡ ( 1 − ( λ 1 2 + λ 2 2 + λ 3 2 − 3 J m ) ) {\displaystyle W=-{\frac {\mu...

{r} )&={\frac {1}{4\pi }}\int _{V}{\frac {\nabla '\cdot \mathbf {F} (\mathbf {r} ')}{|\mathbf {r} -\mathbf {r} '|}}\,\mathrm {d} V'-{\frac {1}{4\pi }}\oint...

^{2}-{\frac {1}{{c_{0}}^{2}}}{\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial t^{2}}}={\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial x^{2}}}+{\frac {\partial ^{2}}{\partial y^{2}}}+{\frac {\partial...

m ⋅ s = N m 2 ⋅ s = P a ⋅ s = {\displaystyle [\mu ]={\frac {\rm {kg}}{\rm {m{\cdot }s}}}={\frac {\rm {N}}{\rm {m^{2}}}}{\cdot }{\rm {s}}={\rm {Pa{\cdot...

7 + ⋯ = π 4 . {\displaystyle 1\,-\,{\frac {1}{3}}\,+\,{\frac {1}{5}}\,-\,{\frac {1}{7}}\,+\,\cdots \,=\,{\frac {\pi }{4}}.} Leibniz wrote that circles...

{\displaystyle {\frac {\dot {y}}{\dot {x}}}={\dot {y}}:{\dot {x}}\equiv {\frac {dy}{dt}}:{\frac {dx}{dt}}={\frac {\frac {dy}{dt}}{\frac {dx}{dt}}}={\frac {dy}{dx}}={\frac...

micro-economics principles course. Munich Personal RePEc Archive. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36230/1/MPRA_paper_36230.pdf. Gujarati, D. N. (2003). Basic Econometrics...

{\displaystyle {\mathcal {L}}={\frac {1}{2}}(\partial ^{\mu }\phi ^{*})\partial _{\mu }\phi -m^{2}\phi ^{*}\phi ={\frac {1}{2}}(-ive^{-i\theta }\partial...