Work hardening, also known as strain hardening, is the process by which a material's load-bearing capacity (strength) increases during plastic (permanent)...

following the flow of the metal; which may cause work hardening and anisotropic material properties. Work hardening makes the metal harder, stiffer, and stronger...

abrasion. When a metal undergoes strain hardening its yield strength increases but its ductility decreases. Strain hardening actually increases the number of...

processing as well. These mechanisms for crystalline materials include Work hardening Solid solution strengthening Precipitation strengthening Grain boundary...

There are five hardening processes: Hall-Petch strengthening, work hardening, solid solution strengthening, precipitation hardening, and martensitic...

Strain hardening Work hardening, also known as strain hardening, is the strengthening of a metal or polymer by plastic deformation. Work hardening may be...

For strain less than the ultimate tensile strain, the increase of work-hardening rate in this region will be greater than the area reduction rate, thereby...

minimum size is achieved. Finally, the work hardening rate becomes low again in the exhaustion/saturation of hardening stage 3 of plastic flow, as small shear...

ability of a material to become stronger due to strain hardening. Strain hardening (work hardening) is the process by which a material's load-bearing capacity...

points. It is especially applicable to metals that harden with plastic deformation (see work hardening), showing a smooth elastic-plastic transition. As...

the desired result such as hardening or softening of a material. Heat treatment techniques include annealing, case hardening, precipitation strengthening...

the high work hardening rate of PTFE, ePTFE is significantly stronger than the unstretched material. On a microscopic level, this work hardening corresponds...

where c is a constant determined by yield strength, Poisson's ratio, work-hardening exponent and geometrical factors – usually ranging between 2 and 4....

point, all dislocation related hardening mechanisms become irrelevant. In work hardening (also referred to as strain hardening) the material is strained past...

particulates strengthening structure, at 1-D there is work/forest hardening with line dislocations as the hardening mechanism, and at 2-D there is grain boundary...

which it becomes easier to shape by forging, or to the point at which work hardening no longer occurs. The metal (known as the "workpiece") is transported...

into the surface. Different depths of hardening are desirable for different purposes: sharp tools need deep hardening to allow grinding and resharpening...

deformation proceeds and usually increases as strain accumulates due to work hardening, although the flow stress could decrease due to any recovery process...

leave the mass of the metal ready to be work-hardened). Second, the alloy is capable of greater work-hardening than is the case with pure copper, so that...

somewhat brittle. In 1906, precipitation hardening alloys were discovered by Alfred Wilm. Precipitation hardening alloys, such as certain alloys of aluminium...

acidic or salty materials. The cold-work tool steels include the O series (oil-hardening), the A series (air-hardening), and the D series (high carbon-chromium)...

details of the mechanisms controlling strain-hardening in TWIP steels are still unclear, the high strain-hardening is commonly attributed to the reduction...

impacting and seizing on it work-hardens more than the rest of the volume of metal. As a consequence of this work hardening, this first layer of metal...

can increase the strength of the product by a process called work hardening. Work hardening creates microscopic defects in the metal, which resist further...

traditional cold forming techniques due to rapid work hardening. After the first machining pass, work hardening tends to plastically deform either the workpiece...

motion. This causes a hardening of the metal as deformation progresses. This effect is known as strain hardening or work hardening. Dislocation density...

cobalt or other elements to maximize solution hardening. This also allows the use of precipitation hardening and improves the alloy's temperature resistance...

tools. Clocksmiths as recently as the 19th century used work hardening techniques to harden the teeth of brass gears and ratchets. Tapping on just the...

Autofrettage is a work-hardening process in which a pressure vessel (thick walled) is subjected to enormous pressure, causing internal portions of the...

bonded to high-strength aluminium alloy core material. Aludur is an age-hardening aluminum alloy produced by the Giulini Werke in the early twentieth century...