Cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP) is a language-related term developed by Jim Cummins which refers to formal academic learning, as opposed...
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Jim Cummins (professor) (category Academic staff of the University of Toronto)
acquire CALP in the second language. Cummins, Jim. (1979). Cognitive/Academic Language Proficiency, Linguistic Interdependence, the Optimum Age Question and...
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seem to be a second language. However, in terms of many Icelandic students' Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)—the language skills required for...
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minority language and students of the majority language into the same classroom with the goal of academic excellence and bilingual proficiency for both...
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(evolved from FSI) Language Proficiency Index ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines ACTFL recognises ten different levels of proficiency: "novice", "intermediate"...
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widely accepted as the European standard for grading an individual's language proficiency. As of 2024, "localized" versions of the CEFR exist in Japan, Vietnam...
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Linguistics. Malden, MA: Blackwell. Cummins, J. (1979). "Cognitive/academic language proficiency, linguistic interdependence, the optimum age question and...
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concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists...
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means having proficiency in two languages. A bilingual individual is traditionally defined as someone who understands and produces two languages on a regular...
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as learners acquire the target language. SLA research spans cognitive, social, and linguistic perspectives. Cognitive approaches investigate memory and...
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learning. Speech Communication, 52, 254-267. Rivera, C. (2010). Language proficiency and academic achievement. Multilingual matters. Multilingual Matters, xxi...
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Infant cognitive development is the first stage of human cognitive development, in the youngest children. The academic field of infant cognitive development...
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Missing letter effect (category Cognitive psychology)
read passages in their proficient language compared to when the passages are written in the language they have a low proficiency level in. Both function...
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ability/ aptitude (intelligence tests) versus tests of achievement (academic proficiency). Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales...
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students as students whose first language is not English, including both limited and higher levels of language proficiency. The term ELL emphasizes that...
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sociolinguistics, psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and education. These multiple fields in second-language acquisition can be grouped as four...
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a layered cognitive process, with cognitive load increasing alongside linguistic complexity. Written language production is more cognitively demanding...
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"The influence of language proficiency on lexical semantic processing in native and late learners of english". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 24 (5):...
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Neuroscience of multilingualism (category Cognitive neuroscience)
of proficiency in each language. That is, an individual who resides in a bilingual society is more likely to be highly proficient in both languages, as...
67 KB (8,595 words) - 00:42, 13 December 2024
Reading (redirect from Teaching reading: whole language and phonics)
oral language proficiency, working memory training, and written language performance (e.g., cohesion, sentence combining/reducing). In cognitive science...
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WIDA Consortium (category English as a second or foreign language)
2005–06 academic year. The WIDA MODEL assessment is used in the U.S. and several other countries as an interim measure of English language proficiency. Accommodations...
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Bilingual memory (category Articles containing Spanish-language text)
person's fluency, the age the second language was acquired, and high language proficiency to both languages. High proficiency provides mental flexibility across...
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to become more proficient. The term language learner strategies, which incorporates strategies used for language learning and language use, is sometimes...
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field of cognitive linguistics. American linguist George Lakoff presented Neural Theory of Language (NTL) as a computational basis for using language as a...
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Near-native speaker (category Language acquisition)
phonetics, highly proficient second language learners have also shown near-native proficiency despite the fact that the target language was acquired at...
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Nonverbal Index (NVI), the General Ability Index (GAI), and the Cognitive Proficiency Index (CPI). Three of these ancillary index scores (NVI, GAI, and...
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Neil Cohn (category American cognitive scientists)
Comics? explored the proficiency required to understand visual narratives, and was nominated for a 2021 Eisner Award for Best Academic/Scholarly Work. His...
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Fluency (redirect from Language fluency)
It is also used to characterize language production, language ability or language proficiency. In speech language pathology it means the flow with which...
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time and under given conditions". Foreign language aptitude itself has been defined as a set of cognitive abilities which predicts L2 learning rate,...
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Bilingual education by country or region (category CS1 French-language sources (fr))
skills – BICS), they will naturally perform well academically (cognitive academic language proficiency – CALP) in English. It has been postulated that...
78 KB (9,655 words) - 07:48, 24 February 2025