Core–mantle differentiation is the set of processes that took place during the accretion stage of Earth's evolution (or more generally, of rocky planets)...

mantle (also known as the bulk silicate Earth) is the chemical composition of the Earth's mantle during the developmental stage between core-mantle differentiation...

The core–mantle boundary (CMB) of Earth lies between the planet's silicate mantle and its liquid iron–nickel outer core, at a depth of 2,891 km (1,796 mi)...

planetary differentiation is mediated by partial melting with heat from radioactive isotope decay and planetary accretion. Planetary differentiation has occurred...

A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust. Mantles are made of rock or ices, and are generally the largest...

germanium and gallium. Core mantle differentiation occurred within the first 30 million years of Earth's history. Inner core crystallization timing is...

inner core and below its mantle. The outer core begins approximately 2,889 km (1,795 mi) beneath Earth's surface at the core-mantle boundary and ends 5,150 km...

asthenosphere, and solid mantle, a liquid outer core whose flow generates the Earth's magnetic field, and a solid inner core. Scientific understanding...

346.4 kg/m3, the Moon is a differentiated body, being composed of a geochemically distinct crust, mantle, and planetary core. This structure is believed...

and mantle with a notable increase in seismic wave speeds. This work was furthered by Beno Gutenberg, who identified the boundary at the core-mantle layer...

S2CID 119254243. Li, Jie; Agee, Carl B. (1996). "Geochemistry of mantle–core differentiation at high pressure". Nature. 381 (6584): 686–689. Bibcode:1996Natur...

(Martian-size) hit Earth, but some regard it as the time of core-mantle differentiation. The second problem is that the total inventory of 129Xe on Earth...

Hofmann, Albrecht W. (November 1988). "Chemical differentiation of the Earth: the relationship between mantle, continental crust, and oceanic crust". Earth...

clay. Gravity data suggest Ceres to be partially differentiated into a muddy (ice-rock) mantle/core and a less dense but stronger crust that is at most...

within rocks further heated the core, causing increased differentiation: an inner, iron–iron-sulfide core and a silicate mantle formed. With this, Ganymede...

flowing mantle, a liquid outer core, and a solid inner core. The fluidity of a material is proportional to temperature; thus, the solid mantle can still...

planetary science that describes the first stage of planetary differentiation and core formation. According to this model, a planetary body is assumed...

during differentiation, as abundant heavy metals (iron, nickel, copper) descended to Earth's core. Latent heat released as the liquid outer core crystallizes...

in the ferro-nickel matrix. These crystals represent mantle and core material from differentiated planetesimals, which were destroyed by violent collisions...

and evidence of the resultant planetary differentiation of the heavier material sinking into Earth's mantle has been documented. However, there is no...

tungsten, the time of differentiation can be quantified. If we have a sample from the mantle (or core) of a body and want to calculate a core formation age from...

structure of Earth's mantle. Some mantle plumes that feed hotspot volcanism lavas are thought to originate as deep as the core–mantle boundary (~2900 km...

probably differentiated into a rocky core and an icy mantle. A layer of liquid water may be present at the boundary between the mantle and the core. The surface...

subducted into the mantle as deep as 2,900 kilometres (1,800 mi) to near the core-mantle boundary, while others "float" in the upper mantle. Yet others stick...

high levels reflect the primitive nature of their mantle source, having undergone minimal differentiation. Kimberlites show enrichment in rare earth elements...

hypothetical type of terrestrial planet that has no metallic core and is thus effectively a giant rocky mantle. It can be formed in cooler regions and far from the...

can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes:...

Moon indicate that it has a solid, differentiated interior, with a thin crust, extensive mantle, and a dense core which is significantly smaller (in relative...

material behind, resulting in compositional differentiation of Earth's lithosphere (crust and uppermost mantle). A synorogenic (or synkinematic) process...

intraplate hotspots (i.e., volcanic activities caused by mantle plumes from the core-mantle boundary), the melting of subducted oceanic crust and the...